Commentary on John Phase 2: Part 4 (No. F043iv)

Introduction to Phase II

Phase I of the Commentary on John covered the process from Chapter 1 in Part I to Chapter 12 in Part III. In that procedure John displayed the Pre-existence of Jesus Christ (No. 243) as the Only Born God of John 1:18 (cf. On Monogenese Theos in Scripture and Tradition (B4)). In phase I, we have seen that the text shows the world that Christ was the subordinate Elohim of Israel that was the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. He appeared to or led them all and spoke to Moses and Aaron and the prophets, through the Holy Spirit, and brought Israel out of Egypt as the Angel of YHVH (No. 024) and, as we see, from Acts and Paul, that Christ was the deity that destroyed the first born of Egypt in the First Passover (No. 098). He brought Israel through the Red Sea. He fed Israel on Manna and water from the Rock (1Cor. 10:1-4), and he gave The Law of God to Israel, via Moses, over Pentecost at Sinai (No. 115) (Acts 7:30-53), as Moses ascended Sinai to be given the Law of God (L1) (see the Ascents of Moses (No. 070)). Christ was the Subordinate God of Israel of Psalm 45:6-7; as Scripture tells us this deity was Jesus Christ (Heb. 1:8-9). His father was the One True God. The structure of the first 12 chapters deals with the deity that was Jesus Christ and his position as the prophesied Messiah that was sent into the world to explain the nature, purpose and Plan of God (see No. 001A) and the purpose of Israel as the Vineyard of God (No. 001C) and with the express purpose of making the Elect as Elohim (No. 001). This action includes the Salvation of the Gentiles through the Resurrections of the Dead, both the First Resurrection of the Dead (No. 143A) and the Second Resurrection of the Dead and the Great White Throne Judgment (No. 143B) and the Judgment of the Demons (No. 080) (see 1Cor: 6:3). Anyone who refuses to repent over this sequence will face The Second Death (No. 143C). God has left nothing to chance and all will be afforded salvation, even the Fallen Host and all humans of the Adamic creation that ever lived.

In chapter 12:44-50 we are given a summary by the Christ of his mission and teachings and the requirements of the keeping of the Commandments of God and the Faith and Testimony of Jesus (Rev. 12:17; 14:12). In chapter 13 we begin the process of his death and Resurrection and his ascent to the Father and the giving of Salvation through the Holy Spirit (No. 117) to mankind.

John Chapters 13-16 (RSV)

Chapter 13

¹Now before the feast of the Passover, when Jesus knew that his hour had come to depart out of this world to the Father, having loved his own who were in the world, he loved them to the end. ²And during supper, when the devil had already put it into the heart of Judas Iscariot, Simon's son, to betray him, ³Jesus, knowing that the Father had given all things into his hands, and that he had come from God and was going to God, ⁴rose from supper, laid aside his garments, and girded himself with a towel. ⁵Then he poured water into a basin, and began to wash the disciples' feet, and to wipe them with the towel with which he was girded. ⁶He came to Simon Peter; and Peter said to him, "Lord, do you wash my feet?" ⁷Jesus answered him, "What I am doing you do not know now, but afterward you will understand." ⁸Peter said to him, "You shall never wash my feet." Jesus answered him, "If I do not wash you, you have no part in me." ⁹Simon Peter said to him, "Lord, not my feet only but also my hands and my head!" ¹⁰Jesus said to him, "He who has bathed does not need to wash, except for his feet, but he is clean all over; and you are clean, but not every one of you." ¹¹For he knew who was to betray him; that was why he said, "You are not all clean." ¹²When he had washed their feet, and taken his garments, and resumed his place, he said to them, "Do you know what I have done to you? ¹³You call me Teacher and Lord; and you are right, for so I am. ¹⁴If I then, your Lord and Teacher, have washed your feet, you also ought to wash one another's feet. ¹⁵For I have given you an example, that you also should do as I have done to you. ¹⁶Truly, truly, I say to you, a servant is not greater than his master; nor is he who is sent greater than he who sent him. ¹⁷If you know these things, blessed are you if you do them. ¹⁸I am not speaking of you all; I know whom I have chosen; it is that the scripture may be fulfilled, 'He who ate my bread has lifted his heel against me.' ¹⁹I tell you this now, before it takes place, that when it does take place you may believe that I am he. ²⁰Truly, truly, I say to you, he who receives any one whom I send receives me; and he who receives me receives him who sent me." ²¹When Jesus had thus spoken, he was troubled in spirit, and testified, "Truly, truly, I say to you, one of you will betray me." ²²The disciples looked at one another, uncertain of whom he spoke. ²³One of his disciples, whom Jesus loved, was lying close to the breast of Jesus; ²⁴so Simon Peter beckoned to him and said, "Tell us who it is of whom he speaks." ²⁵So lying thus, close to the breast of Jesus, he said to him, "Lord, who is it?" ²⁶Jesus answered, "It is he to whom I shall give this morsel when I have dipped it." So when he had dipped the morsel, he gave it to Judas, the son of Simon Iscariot. ²⁷Then after the morsel, Satan entered into him. Jesus said to him, "What you are going to do, do quickly." ²⁸Now no one at the table knew why he said this to him. ²⁹Some thought that, because Judas had the money box, Jesus was telling him, "Buy what we need for the feast"; or, that he should give something to the poor. ³⁰So, after receiving the morsel, he immediately went out; and it was night. ³¹When he had gone out, Jesus said, "Now is the Son of man glorified, and in him God is glorified; ³²if God is glorified in him, God will also glorify him in himself, and glorify him at once. ³³Little children, yet a little while I am with you. You will seek me; and as I said to the Jews so now I say to you, 'Where I am going you cannot come.' ³⁴A new commandment I give to you, that you love one another; even as I have loved you, that you also love one another. ³⁵By this all men will know that you are my disciples, if you have love for one another." ³⁶Simon Peter said to him, "Lord, where are you going?" Jesus answered, "Where I am going you cannot follow me now; but you shall follow afterward." ³⁷Peter said to him, "Lord, why cannot I follow you now? I will lay down my life for you." ³⁸Jesus answered, "Will you lay down your life for me? Truly, truly, I say to you, the cock will not crow, till you have denied me three times.

Intent of Chapter 13

13:1-38 The Passover of 30 CE

Jesus was baptised and he declared the Acceptable Year of the Lord at Atonement 27 CE to declare the Restoration under the Law of God and he began preparation by selecting the disciples for his mission in 27 CE, in the Fifteenth year of Tiberius (Lk. 3:1). The purpose of the three Passovers of John was to pinpoint the sequence of activities in the Gospel of John. The Passover of the First year of the First Cycle of the 81^st Jubilee was in 28 CE and in that year after the Passover Jesus and the Disciples had begun baptising at the Jordan River (Christ himself did not baptise) and John and his disciples were baptising nearby at Aenon near Salim when John was arrested and imprisoned (John 3:23). This began Christ’s mission under the Sign of Jonah (No. 013). He spent the year to Passover 29 CE beginning the Second year of the cycle and then all year to the Passover of 30 CE beginning the Third year of the cycle on his ministry establishing the church and the Kingdom of God among the elect (see No. 001)). Christ and the disciples and the Seventy and the 500 were set aside in their temporary accommodation around Jerusalem in accordance with the Laws of God in Deut. 16:5-8 for the Passover. In accordance with the Temple Calendar (see No. 156) they went into Temporary accommodation on the afternoon of Tuesday 4 April before night fall to prepare the evening meal of 14 Abib which went over the next 24 hours to the slaughter of the Passover lambs at 3PM-5PM on Wednesday 5 April 30 CE and the Passover was cooked and eaten after dark on Wednesday 5 April, which began the First Holy Day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread in 30 CE.

Christ was killed on Wednesday 5 April 30 CE at 3PM when the first Passover Lamb was killed and presented to the High Priest (see the Timing of the Crucifixion and the Resurrection (No. 159)).

Christ spent three days and three nights over the evening of 5 April or beginning Passover night 15 Abib, the night of observation or watching, in the tomb, through Thursday 6 April and the Night through Friday 7 April and over the weekly Sabbath to his resurrection on late afternoon before dark on Sabbath 8 April 30 CE. He then waited all night until 9am on the Morning of 9 April as the Wave Sheaf Offering (No 106B) when he ascended to heaven and returned that afternoon and spent the next forty days with the brethren (see Forty Days Following Christ’s Resurrection (No. 159B)).

From this year onwards the church as well as Judah went into temporary accommodation from 14 Abib to 21 Abib every year, until the Jews developed the Hillel Calendar, based on the Babylonian intercalations. It was released in 358 CE under R. Hillel II. This Hillel abomination was never kept by the Churches of God until it was introduced to the Church of God (Seventh Day) in the 1940s by badly educated judaisers.

The festival of the goddess Easter or Ishtar or Ashtoreth consort of Baal, based on the worship of the god Attis at Rome, with a Friday death and Sunday Resurrection was introduced on the orders of Anicetus, when he was elected bishop there, ca. 154 CE and the festival was enforced by Bishop Victor in 192 CE, when he was elected bishop, causing the major division in the Churches of God throughout the world (see the Quartodeciman Disputes (No. 277); and the Unitarian/Trinitarian Wars (No. 268)). (See also Origins of Christmas and Easter (No. 235).) Over the wars, this was to cause the total alienation and destruction by false doctrine, of the Trinitarian Churches from the Body of Christ (see Binitarianism and Trinitarianism (No. 076); (see also Commentary on the Koran (No. Q001A, B, C, D). On no day in any of the weeks that Christ could have been killed did 14 Abib ever fall on a Friday (see No. 159 above). The Postponements were never in affect in the Temple Calendar (No. 156) either.

v. 1 The Last Supper established

This text begins the preparation for the teachings of chs 14-17 and the events of chs. 18-21 to follow. In this text the Second Sacrament of the Churches of God is established within the law (Sacraments of the Church (No. 150); The Lord’s Supper No. 103)). The conditions for the establishment of the activity were when Christ gave the Law to Moses in Deut. 16:5-8 for the entry to the Promised Land. The Passover cannot be kept within any of our gates and nor can the brethren return to their domiciles, nor to work within the Feast of Unleavened Bread (see also The Passover (No. 098); Pentecost at Sinai (No. 115); see also The Ascents of Moses (No. 070)).

vv. 1-20 Jesus washes the disciples’ feet

v. 1 to the end – to the utmost.

v. 5 Lk. 22:27

vv. 6-9 Though Peter objects he must let Christ wash his feet and the reason later emerges from the execution by the Stauros (see also The Cross: Its Origin and Significance ( No. 039)).

v. 11 The outward washing did not cleanse them all. One was unclean inwardly (Lk. 11:39-41; Heb. 10:22), see the Significance of the Footwashing (No. 099).

v . 15 1Pet. 2:21; v. 16 Mat. 10:24; Lk. 6:40.

v. 17 Lk. 11:28; Jas. 1:25; v. 18 Ps. 41:9.

vv. 21-30 Jesus and the disciples have the Last Supper (Mat. 26:20-29 (F040vi); Mk. 14:17-25 (F041iv); Lk. 22:14-30 (F042vi).

v. 21 Jesus was troubled in Spirit and announced one of them would betray him. He placed him next to himself handing him a morsel (see also Ruth 2:14). He thus concealed his treachery from all but the beloved disciple. Refusal of light brings night (12:35).

To see what is to happen at the Lord’s Supper all four gospels must be viewed. The Bread and the Wine are given to all (see the Significance of the Bread and the Wine (No. 100)). One must partake of the Wine with the Bread at the Lord’s Supper, following the Footwashing. No grape juice can be taken in substitution for the wine in any of the genuine Churches of God. See also Wine in the Bible (No. 188). The bread must also be unleavened, as required for a sacrificial offering under the law (Lev. 2:11).

(The wafer and water under the Sun and Mystery Cults are also not permitted.) (See also the texts in the Links to the gospels above.) Both Bread and Wine must be consumed, after the Footwashing, to remain part of the Body of Christ.

vv. 31-38 Jesus predicts Peter’s denial (Lk. 22:31-38).

vv. 31-35 The death that Judas has gone to arrange will glorify (reveal the essence) of both Father and Son. The disciples are now the manifestation of this love. Their conversion will come at Pentecost 30 CE with the Holy Spirit (No. 117). vv. 36-38 Peter is not yet ready to follow Jesus to death. Afterwards, according to the history of the church (see (No. 122D)), he was martyred by the Romans along with many other disciples, in many locations (see also (No. 170)).

Chapter 14

¹"Let not your hearts be troubled; believe in God, believe also in me. ²In my Father's house are many rooms; if it were not so, would I have told you that I go to prepare a place for you? ³And when I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again and will take you to myself, that where I am you may be also. ⁴And you know the way where I am going." ⁵Thomas said to him, "Lord, we do not know where you are going; how can we know the way?" ⁶Jesus said to him, "I am the way, and the truth, and the life; no one comes to the Father, but by me. ⁷If you had known me, you would have known my Father also; henceforth you know him and have seen him." ⁸Philip said to him, "Lord, show us the Father, and we shall be satisfied." ⁹Jesus said to him, "Have I been with you so long, and yet you do not know me, Philip? He who has seen me has seen the Father; how can you say, 'Show us the Father'? ¹⁰Do you not believe that I am in the Father and the Father in me? The words that I say to you I do not speak on my own authority; but the Father who dwells in me does his works. ¹¹Believe me that I am in the Father and the Father in me; or else believe me for the sake of the works themselves. ¹²"Truly, truly, I say to you, he who believes in me will also do the works that I do; and greater works than these will he do, because I go to the Father. ¹³Whatever you ask in my name, I will do it, that the Father may be glorified in the Son; ¹⁴if you ask anything in my name, I will do it. ¹⁵"If you love me, you will keep my commandments. ¹⁶And I will pray the Father, and he will give you another Counselor, to be with you for ever, ¹⁷even the Spirit of truth, whom the world cannot receive, because it neither sees him nor knows him; you know him, for he dwells with you, and will be in you. ¹⁸"I will not leave you desolate; I will come to you. ¹⁹Yet a little while, and the world will see me no more, but you will see me; because I live, you will live also. ²⁰In that day you will know that I am in my Father, and you in me, and I in you. ²¹He who has my commandments and keeps them, he it is who loves me; and he who loves me will be loved by my Father, and I will love him and manifest myself to him." ²²Judas (not Iscariot) said to him, "Lord, how is it that you will manifest yourself to us, and not to the world?" ²³Jesus answered him, "If a man loves me, he will keep my word, and my Father will love him, and we will come to him and make our home with him. ²⁴He who does not love me does not keep my words; and the word which you hear is not mine but the Father's who sent me. ²⁵"These things I have spoken to you, while I am still with you. ²⁶But the Counselor, the Holy Spirit, whom the Father will send in my name, he will teach you all things, and bring to your remembrance all that I have said to you. ²⁷Peace I leave with you; my peace I give to you; not as the world gives do I give to you. Let not your hearts be troubled, neither let them be afraid. ²⁸You heard me say to you, 'I go away, and I will come to you.' If you loved me, you would have rejoiced, because I go to the Father; for the Father is greater than I. ²⁹And now I have told you before it takes place, so that when it does take place, you may believe. ³⁰I will no longer talk much with you, for the ruler of this world is coming. He has no power over me; ³¹but I do as the Father has commanded me, so that the world may know that I love the Father. Rise, let us go hence.

Intent of Chapter 14

14:1-17:26 Jesus’ Farewell Discourse and Prayer

An interpretation of Jesus’ completed work on earth, and relation to both believers, and the world after his Resurrection and Ascension (see also Forty Days Following the Resurrection of Jesus Christ (No. 159B)).

14:1-31 The believers relation to the Glorified Christ.

14: 1-14 Jesus is the way to the Father

v. 1 Belief in God has new meaning in, and through, Jesus.

vv. 2-3 For him to go through death and resurrection to his Father’s House (with rooms for all) was to prepare a place of permanent fellowship with him (13:33,36). The reality is that when he and the loyal host return at the end of the Age they will all be placed in the First Resurrection (143A) and become part of the Millennial Administration from the Temple of God and then all others from the Second Resurrection (No. 143B) and then enter the City of God (No. 180). People who say that when they die they go to heaven and others go to hell are not Christians. They are Antinomian Gnostics (see No. 143A) and also (No. 164D) (F066v)).

14:4-7 Access to God is only through Jesus

(Mat. 11:27; Jn 1:18; 6:46; Acts 4:12).

vv. 8-11 Knowledge of God is through the person, works and words of Christ and the Law and the Testimony of Scripture. The saints are those who have been baptised into the Body of Christ and Keep the Commandments of God and the Faith and Testimony of Jesus Christ (Isa. 8:20; Jn. 17:3; Rev. 12:17; 14:12) (see also Repentance and Baptism (No. 052); The Holy Spirit (No. 117)).

14:12-17 Greater works (through Redemption) are achieved through prayer (v. 13) and obedience (v. 15).

14:14 Prayer is to the Father only in the name of Christ. The application of the “me” in the Greek does not limit the application of all prayer to the Father in the name of Christ as the text itself says in my name. In other words, all requests even of and for the acts of Christ are to be to the Father in the name of Christ and never to Christ or anyone else as others, except Christ, are still awaiting the resurrection (see Teach us to Pray (No. 111); Praying to Christ or Beings other than the Father (No. 111B); The Power of Prayer (No. 111C)).

vv. 15-31 Jesus promises the Holy Spirit

v. 15 If we love Christ we will keep the Commandments he gave, from God, to Israel through Moses as we see above in (vv. 8-11 above; Acts 7:30-53; 1Cor. 10:1-4) and through the Holy Spirit which is the counsellor of v. 16 (same word also translated advocate in 1Jn. 2:1). Anyone who tries to do away with the Law of God (L1) is not a Christian (Rev. 12:17; 14:12), and will be consigned to the Second Resurrection and the Great White Throne Judgment (No. 143B) and will face the possibility of The Second Death (No. 143C), unless they repent. At the return of the Messiah the Law and the Testimony, incl. The Sabbath (No. 031), and New Moons (No. 125) and the Feasts and all the Law will be reinforced and restored for the millennial system and forever, on pain of death (see Isa. 66:23-24; Zech. 2:1-11; Zech 12:8; Zech. 14:16-19).

14:18-20 The Spirit imparts Christ’s life (Acts 2:33) and unites the baptised believer to God. The Spirit makes Christ of one mind with the Father as it makes all the elect one with the Father. Christ gives the teachings of the Father to the elect and the world and it makes them understand the teachings of the Father.

vv. 21-24 Fellowship with Christ is dependent on keeping the Commandments of God that Christ gave to Moses at Sinai (Acts 7:30-53; 1Cor. 10:1-4). That unites us in love with God and Christ.

vv. 25-27 The Holy Spirit interprets Christ’s teachings (v. 26) and imparts his peace (v. 27).

vv. 28-31 Jesus is to go to the Father on his death and Resurrection as the Father is greater than he and is the One True God who sent him (Jn. 17:3), see (No 002) and (No. 002B). From these texts we see clearly that Christ is neither Co-equal nor Co-eternal with the One True God (see also Binitarianism and Trinitarianism (No. 076)).

Christ does as the Father has commanded him so that the world knows that he loves the Father.

It is through this obedience that Christ has qualified to overcome the adversary.

Chapter 15

¹"I am the true vine, and my Father is the vinedresser. ²Every branch of mine that bears no fruit, he takes away, and every branch that does bear fruit he prunes, that it may bear more fruit. ³You are already made clean by the word which I have spoken to you. ⁴Abide in me, and I in you. As the branch cannot bear fruit by itself, unless it abides in the vine, neither can you, unless you abide in me. ⁵I am the vine, you are the branches. He who abides in me, and I in him, he it is that bears much fruit, for apart from me you can do nothing. ⁶If a man does not abide in me, he is cast forth as a branch and withers; and the branches are gathered, thrown into the fire and burned. ⁷If you abide in me, and my words abide in you, ask whatever you will, and it shall be done for you. ⁸By this my Father is glorified, that you bear much fruit, and so prove to be my disciples. ⁹As the Father has loved me, so have I loved you; abide in my love. ¹⁰If you keep my commandments, you will abide in my love, just as I have kept my Father's commandments and abide in his love. ¹¹These things I have spoken to you, that my joy may be in you, and that your joy may be full. ¹²"This is my commandment, that you love one another as I have loved you. ¹³Greater love has no man than this, that a man lay down his life for his friends. ¹⁴You are my friends if you do what I command you. ¹⁵No longer do I call you servants, for the servant does not know what his master is doing; but I have called you friends, for all that I have heard from my Father I have made known to you. ¹⁶You did not choose me, but I chose you and appointed you that you should go and bear fruit and that your fruit should abide; so that whatever you ask the Father in my name, he may give it to you. ¹⁷This I command you, to love one another. ¹⁸"If the world hates you, know that it has hated me before it hated you. ¹⁹If you were of the world, the world would love its own; but because you are not of the world, but I chose you out of the world, therefore the world hates you. ²⁰Remember the word that I said to you, 'A servant is not greater than his master.' If they persecuted me, they will persecute you; if they kept my word, they will keep yours also. ²¹But all this they will do to you on my account, because they do not know him who sent me. ²²If I had not come and spoken to them, they would not have sin; but now they have no excuse for their sin. ²³He who hates me hates my Father also. ²⁴If I had not done among them the works which no one else did, they would not have sin; but now they have seen and hated both me and my Father. ²⁵It is to fulfil the word that is written in their law, 'They hated me without a cause.' ²⁶But when the Counselor comes, whom I shall send to you from the Father, even the Spirit of truth, who proceeds from the Father, he will bear witness to me; ²⁷and you also are witnesses, because you have been with me from the beginning.

Intent of Chapter 15

vv. 1-16 Jesus teaches about the vine and the branches

vv. 1-11 The Father is the vinedresser on the vineyard of Israel. The old Israel failed and Christ was sent to restore Israel under the Holy Spirit (see Isa. 5:1-7; Jer. 2:21; Ezek. 19:10-14). The fruit bearing (Gal. 5:22-23) of the elect as the New Israel of the Church of God springs from union (v. 5) in prayer to God in the name of Christ (v. 7), in loving obedience (vv. 9 -10), issuing in joy (v. 11).

See Israel as the Vineyard of God (No. 001C) for the purpose of the Creation was to make humans as Elohim or Gods (Jn. 10:34-36), and is a temporary process. See the Elect as Elohim (No. 001) with the Plan of Salvation (No.001A) and Scripture cannot be broken (10:34-35).

15:12-17

The relation of believers to one another in the vine is in love. The measure is determined by Jesus’ death (v. 13). Fellowship with Jesus (vv. 14, 15) in fruit bearing and prayer (v. 16). From v. 16 we see that we were all chosen by the Predestination (No. 296) of God. We bear fruit so that the Father may give us what we ask. In this Christ commands us to love one another.

v. 18 Jesus warns the elect about the world’s hatred

v. 19 If the elect were of the world, the world would love them, as the world would love its own.

The world hates the Church because it hates Christ who has judged it (vv. 18-25; Pss. 35:19; 69:4), and the elect bear witness to Christ in the power of the Holy Spirit (vv. 26-27; Acts1:21-22; 5:32).

v. 23 He who hates Christ hates the Father also.

v. 24 If Christ had not done among them the works no one else had done, then they would not have sin but now they have seen and hated both Christ and the Father. v. 25 This was to fulfil what was said in the law “They hated me without cause” (Pss. 35:19; 38:19; 69:4). In John, Christ classes Psalms under the Law (see also Jn. 10:34-35).

v. 26 When the Counselor (Holy Spirit or Spirit of Truth) comes (at Pentecost 30 CE) whom Christ will send to us from the Father as it proceeds from the Father, it will bear witness to Christ, and the elect of the Church because they were with the Messiah from the Beginning (in 27 CE). It is through the Holy Spirit (No. 117) that the Father directs the wills of all the creation and directs what Christ and the elect are to teach those being called so that they are Chosen, Called, Justified, and Glorified (Rom. 8:28-30) (see also Predestination (No. 296) and The Problem of Evil (No. 118)). For the creation waits with eager longing for the revealing of the Sons of God and obtains the glorious liberty of the Children of God (Rom. 8:19-21).

Chapter 16

¹"I have said all this to you to keep you from falling away. ²They will put you out of the synagogues; indeed, the hour is coming when whoever kills you will think he is offering service to God. ³And they will do this because they have not known the Father, nor me. ⁴But I have said these things to you, that when their hour comes you may remember that I told you of them. "I did not say these things to you from the beginning, because I was with you. ⁵But now I am going to him who sent me; yet none of you asks me, 'Where are you going?' ⁶But because I have said these things to you, sorrow has filled your hearts. ⁷Nevertheless I tell you the truth: it is to your advantage that I go away, for if I do not go away, the Counselor will not come to you; but if I go, I will send him to you. ⁸And when he comes, he will convince the world concerning sin and righteousness and judgment: ⁹concerning sin, because they do not believe in me; ¹⁰concerning righteousness, because I go to the Father, and you will see me no more; ¹¹concerning judgment, because the ruler of this world is judged. ¹²"I have yet many things to say to you, but you cannot bear them now. ¹³When the Spirit of truth comes, he will guide you into all the truth; for he will not speak on his own authority, but whatever he hears he will speak, and he will declare to you the things that are to come. ¹⁴He will glorify me, for he will take what is mine and declare it to you. ¹⁵All that the Father has is mine; therefore I said that he will take what is mine and declare it to you. ¹⁶"A little while, and you will see me no more; again a little while, and you will see me." ¹⁷Some of his disciples said to one another, "What is this that he says to us, 'A little while, and you will not see me, and again a little while, and you will see me'; and, 'because I go to the Father'?" ¹⁸They said, "What does he mean by 'a little while'? We do not know what he means." ¹⁹Jesus knew that they wanted to ask him; so he said to them, "Is this what you are asking yourselves, what I meant by saying, 'A little while, and you will not see me, and again a little while, and you will see me'? ²⁰Truly, truly, I say to you, you will weep and lament, but the world will rejoice; you will be sorrowful, but your sorrow will turn into joy. ²¹When a woman is in travail she has sorrow, because her hour has come; but when she is delivered of the child, she no longer remembers the anguish, for joy that a child is born into the world. ²²So you have sorrow now, but I will see you again and your hearts will rejoice, and no one will take your joy from you. ²³In that day you will ask nothing of me. Truly, truly, I say to you, if you ask anything of the Father, he will give it to you in my name. ²⁴Hitherto you have asked nothing in my name; ask, and you will receive, that your joy may be full. ²⁵"I have said this to you in figures; the hour is coming when I shall no longer speak to you in figures but tell you plainly of the Father. ²⁶In that day you will ask in my name; and I do not say to you that I shall pray the Father for you; ²⁷for the Father himself loves you, because you have loved me and have believed that I came from the Father. ²⁸I came from the Father and have come into the world; again, I am leaving the world and going to the Father." ²⁹His disciples said, "Ah, now you are speaking plainly, not in any figure! ³⁰Now we know that you know all things, and need none to question you; by this we believe that you came from God." ³¹Jesus answered them, "Do you now believe? ³²The hour is coming, indeed it has come, when you will be scattered, every man to his home, and will leave me alone; yet I am not alone, for the Father is with me. ³³I have said this to you, that in me you may have peace. In the world you have tribulation; but be of good cheer, I have overcome the world."

Intent of Chapter 16

vv. 1-4 Jesus warns about the world’s hatred

Christ forewarns of persecution. He expected it from Jews but also the world in general. Whoever kills one of the elect will act as though they have done God a service. This was seriously so over the Unitarian/Trinitarian Wars (No. 268). See also No. 122; No. 122D and the Inquisitions (Role of the Fourth Commandment in the Historical Sabbath–keeping Churches of God (No. 170)). God foretold the entire persecutions until the death of the Witnesses in the End of the Age and the Coming of the Messiah (vv. 2-3; Acts 22:3-5; 26:9-11; Rev. Chs. 6 to 20 (F066ii, iii, iv, v) and F027ii, xi, xii, xiii); No. 210A and No. 210B).

16:4b-11 Christian relations with the world.

v. 4b Christ did not tell them of the persecutions while he was with them but now he is to return to The Father, The One True God who sent him (17:3), he speaks more openly.

vv. 5-16 Jesus teaches about the Holy Spirit and its work through the Church.

Christ had to go to the Father in order that he be accepted as the Wave Sheaf Offering (No. 106B) so that the Holy Spirit (No. 117) could be sent to mankind through the Church of God at Pentecost 30 CE. Christ’s death and resurrection was to make possible the work of the Spirit (vv. 6-7). It can then convince the world concerning sin and righteousness and judgment (v. 8); concerning sin because the world does not believe in Christ (v. 9); concerning righteousness because he goes to the Father and we will see him no more (v. 10); concerning judgment because the ruler of this world is judged (v. 11; 12:31; 14:30; 1Cor. 2:8; Col. 2:15; Judgment of the Demons (No. 080)). When the Spirit of truth comes it will guide the elect into all truth (v. 12); see also Gender of the Holy Spirit (No. 155). The Holy Spirit will not speak on its own authority but on what it hears from God and it will declare the things that are to come, as prophecy, to them (v. 13). The Spirit glorifies Christ by taking what is his and declaring it through, and to the elect, who are the body (vv. 14-15). In a little while they will see Christ no more (v. 16) (see F043v).

vv. 17-33 Jesus teaches about using His name in prayer

vv. 17-24 The apostles did not understand what Christ meant by this as they had not yet come to grips with the death and resurrection ahead (chs. 17-21).

Jesus explained to them that he would go to the Father and they would not see him and then he would return and they would see him again; see Forty Days following Christ’s Resurrection (No. 159B).(v. 19). They would weep and lament but the world will be filled with joy over his abiding presence over the time ahead (vv. 20-22) (see the Sign of Jonah… (No. 013) and Completion of the Sign of Jonah (No. 013B)).

v. 23 Christ says that if we ask anything of the Father he will give it to the elect in Christ’s name. Up until then the disciples had received nothing in Christ’s name. He then says they were to ask then through the Spirit that their joy may be full.

16:25-33 Christ’s pledge of Triumph

Christ came from the Father and came into the world; again I am leaving the world and going to the Father (Jn. 3:13 F043). Christ going to the Father (v. 28) and the sending of the Holy Spirit makes plain all his teachings.

v. 25 Christ says that he has said things to them in figures and the Hour is coming when he will no longer speak to them in figures. v. 26 In that day we will not longer ask Christ to pray to the Father but we will ask the Father directly because The elect loved and trusted Christ, the Father then loves the elect because the elect loved Christ and believed he came from the Father (see also 17:3 n); (vv. 27-28)).

v. 29 The disciples then said: Now you are speaking plainly, (not in any figure (or parable)). And by this they know he knows and came from God (v. 30). v. 31 Christ then said: Do you now believe?

v. 32 Christ then talks of the scattering of the disciples to their homes leaving Christ alone, but he will have the Father with him (Mk. 14:27; Zech. 13:7).

v. 33 Christ said this to them so that, in him, they may have peace. In the world, the elect have tribulation, but they are to be of good cheer as Christ has overcome the world (14:27; 15:18; Rom. 8:37; 2Cor. 2:14; Rev. 3:21). Christ said these things so that the elect may understand the Holy Spirit as the Power of God and the Comforter of the elect in the tribulations ahead.

Bullinger’s Notes on John Chs. 13-16 (for KJV)

Chapter 13

Verse 1

Now. Not the same word as in John 12:27 , John 12:31 , expressing a point of time, but a particle (Greek. de) introducing a new subject.

before. Greek. pro. App-104 . The preparation day, the 14th day of Nisan, our Tuesday sunset to Wednesday sunset, the day of the Crucifixion. See App-156 ,

feast. See on Matthew 26:17 and Numbers 28:17 .

Passover . Aramaean pascha. See App-94 .

when Jesus knew = Jesus ( App-98 . X), knowing (Greek. oida, App-132 .)

hour . See John 2:4 ; John 7:30 ; John 8:20 ; John 12:23 , John 12:27 ; John 17:1 ; and contrast Luke 22:53 .

depart . Greek. metabaino = pass over from one place to another. Used by John in three other places: John 5:24 ; John 7:3 , and 1 John 3:14 .

out of. Greek. ek. App-104 .

world . Greek. kosmos. App-129 .

unto . Greek. pros. App-104 .

the Father . App-98 . See John 1:14 .

loved . Greek. agapao. App-135 .

in . Greek. en. App-104 .

unto . Greek. eis. App-104 .

end = furthest extent, referring not so much to a period of time, the end of His life, as to His readiness to descend to the humblest service in their behalf.

Verse 2

supper . The last supper recorded. See App-157 .

being ended. In view of John 13:26 , Alford's translation, "supper having been served, "is preferable to Authorized Version and Revised Version renderings. It means "supper being laid". Washing would naturally precede the meal Compare Luke 7:44 .

the devil. See notes on Matthew 4:1-11 .Luke 4:1-18 , and App-19 and App-116 .

now = already.

into . Greek. eis. App-104 .

Judas . See John 6:71 .

Verse 3

had given . &c. These statements of His divine origin, authority, and coming glory, are made so as to enhance the amazing condescension of the service to which He humbled Himself to do the office of a bond-slave.

come = come forth. Compare John 8:42 ; John 16:30 ; John 17:8 .

from . Greek apo. App-104 .

God. App-98 .

went = is going away.

to = unto. Greek. pros. As in John 13:1 .

Verse 4

riseth . App-178 . from. Greek. ek. App-104 .

supper = supper table (as we should say), i.e., after they had taken their places.

garments , i.e. the outer garment. Greek. himation, translated "robe "in John 19:2 , John 19:6 . This was removed for working, and for sleeping was often used as a coverlet. When removed, leaving only the chiton or tunic, the man was said to be naked.

towel . Greek. lention, a linen cloth (Latin. linteum).

Verse 5

After that = Then.

poureth = putteth, same word as in John 13:2 .

wash . Greek. nipto. App-136 .

wipe. Greek. ekmasso. Occurs elsewhere, John 11:2 ; John 12:3 .Luke 7:38 , Luke 7:44 .

Verse 6

Then. = Therefore.

Simon Peter . App-141 . Peter. No word for Peter. Some substitute ekeinos (he, - emphatic), but L T Trm. A WI R reject it.

Lord. Greek. kurios. App-98 .

thou . . . my . The pronouns are emphatic.

Verse 7

not. Greek. ou. App-105 .

now. Greek. arti = just now.

know = get to know. Greek. ginosko. App-132 .

hereafter = after (Greek. meta. App-104 .) these things.

Verse 8

never = by no means (Greek. ou me. App-105 )

unto the age (Greek. eis ton aiona. App-151 ).

If. Greek. ean, with subj. App-118 .

not . Greek me. App-105 .

no = not ( App-105 .) any.

with . Greek. meta. App-104 .

Verse 10

washed = bathed. Greek. louo. App-186 . Note the distinction between washing the whole body, and washing only a part of it. Compare 1 Corinthians 6:11 .

clean . Greek. katharos. Occurs twenty-seven times, translated ten times "clean", sixteen "pure", and once "clear "(Revelation 21:18 ) = free from impurity or dross. Used here of the eleven (Compare John 15:8 ), but not of Judas into whose heart Satan had "cast "the impure thought of John 13:2 .

Verse 11

should betray Him = the one who is betraying Him.

therefore = on account of (Greek. dia. App-104 .)

Verse 12

So after = When therefore.

what = what [it is].

Verse 13

call Me = address Me as. Greek. phoneo, always used of calling with the voice (phone). Compare John 11:28 ; John 12:17 ; and compare kaleo, Luke 6:46 ; Luke 15:19 .

Master (Greek. didaskalos) = Teacher. See App-98 and compare Matthew 26:25 , Matthew 26:49 .

Lord . App-98 .

ye say well. Would that Christians today would treat Him with the same respect which He here commends, instead of calling Him by the name of His humiliation, Jesus, by which He was never addressed by disciples, only by demons (Matthew 8:29 . Mark 1:24 ; Mark 5:6 . Luke 8:28 ) and those who only knew Him as a prophet (Mark 10:47 . Luke 18:38 ). The Holy Spirit uses "Jesus" in the Gospel narratives.

Verse 14

If then = Therefore if ( App-118 . a) L

your = the.

ought , &c. By Figure of speech Synecdoche ( App-6 ) the act of feet-washing is put for the whole circle of offices of self-denying love. Literal feet-washing was not known before the fourth cent. A.D.

Verse 15

example . Greek. hupodeigma. Occurs Hebrews 4:11 ; Hebrews 8:5 ; Hebrews 9:23 , &c.

Verse 16

Verily, verily . The eighteenth occurance of this solemn expression. See John 1:51 . Three more occurances in this chapter: John 13:20 , John 13:21 , John 13:38 .

servant = bond-servant. Greek. doulos. Once applied to the Lord (Philippians 1:2 , Philippians 1:7 ). Frequent in Paul's epistles. lord. 'Greek. kurios. App-98 .

neither . Greek. oude.

he that is sent = an apostle. Greek apostolos. Occurs 81 times, always translated "apostle", except here, 2 Corinthians 8:23 , and Philippians 2:25 .

sent . Greek. pempo. App-174 .

Verse 18

of =

concerning. Greek peri. App-104 .

He that, &c. Quoted from Psalms 41:9 .

bread . Greek. the bread, i.e. My bread. In a pastoral letter of an Egyptian bishop about 600 A. n. on a Coptic ostracon this verse is quoted from the Septuagint, "He that eateth My bread", &c. (Deissmann, Light from the Ancient East, p. 216).

against . Greek. epi. App-104 .

Verse 19

Now = From now. Greek. ap ' ( App-104 .) anti. Compare John 14:7 and Matthew 26:29 .

believe . App-150 .

I am . Omit "He", and Compare John 8:28 , John 8:58 ; John 18:5-6 .

Verse 21

troubled . See John 11:33 .

Spirit . App-101 .

of = out of. Greek. ek. App-104 .

Verse 22

looked . Greek. blepo. App-133 .

on = towards. Greek. eis. App-104 .

splice = is speaking.

Verse 23

leaning = reclining. Greek. anakeimai, generally translated "sat at meat"; Compare John 13:28 . Reclining on the divan, his head towards the Lord's bosom, John was in the favoured position, on the Lord's right hand, Judas being on His left.

on = in (Greek. en, as in John 13:1 ).

bosom. Greek. kolpos. Compare the other five occurnces: John 1:18 . Luke 6:38 ; Luke 16:22 , Luke 16:23 .Acts 27:39 (creek).

Verse 24

beckoned = signed or nodded. Greek neuo. Only here and Acts 24:10 . that he should ask who it should be. L T Tr. A H R read, "and saith to him,`Say who it is '".

Verse 25

lying = lying back. Not the same word as "leaning" in John 13:23 . Peter was beyond Judas, and leaning back signed to John behind the Lord.

on . Greek. epi. App-104 .

breast . Greek. stethos. Not the same word as "bosom" in John 13:23 . Occurs only here; John 21:20 . Luke 18:13 ; Luke 23:48 . Revelation 15:6 .

Verse 26

sop . Greek. psomion, a morsel. Only occurances here and verses: John 13:27 , John 13:30 . It was a mark of honour for the host to give a portion to one of the guests. The Lord had appealed to the conscience of Judas in John 13:21 , now He appeals to his heart.

Verse 27

after . Greek. meta. App-104 .

Satan . The only occurance of this title in John. Before this clause in the Greek is the word tote, then, marking the point of time; it is strangely ignored in the Authorized Version It is significant that the rejection of the Lord's last appeal hardened Judas, so that his heart became open to the entrance of Satan. Up to this moment Judas had been possessed by the evil thought, now he is obsessed by the evil one.

Then = Therefore. The Lord knew what had taken place, and that further appeal was useless. He dismisses him to the work he is set upon. See the terrible words in Psalms 41:6 , "His heart gathereth iniquity to itself; he goeth abroad, he telleth", exactly what Judas did.

Verse 28

no man at the table = no one (Greek. oudeis) of those reclining (Greek. anakeimai). See John 13:23 .

for what intent = with a view to (Greek. pros. App-104 .) what.

spake this unto him = spake to him.

Verse 29

thought = were thinking.

bag . See note on John 12:6 .

had said = saith.

against = for. Greek. eis. App-104 .

the feast : i.e. the feast beginning at the close of Passover, when the high day, 15th of Nisan, began ( App-156 ).

poor . Greek. ptochos. See 12. s and App-127 .

Verse 30

he = That One. Greek. ekeinos, emphatic. immediately. Greek eutheos, a very common word in Mark's Gospel. Occurance in John only here, John 5:9 ; John 6:21 and John 18:27 . L T Tr. A WI R read euthus, as in John 13:32 .

night : i.e. about the third hour of the night, 9pm, Tuesday night. See App-165 .

Verse 31

Therefore, when = When therefore.

he was gone out = he went out.

Now . Greek. nun. See John 12:27 .

the Son of man . App-98 .

glorified. A characteristic word in this Gospel. See John 11:4 ; John 12:16 , John 12:23 , John 12:28 ; John 17:1 , &c.

Verse 32

If. App-118 . [L Tr. A) WH R omit the conditional clause.

straightway . Greek. euthus. See note on John 13:30 .

Verse 33

Little children . Greek teknion. App-108 . Only occurance here, Galatians 1:4 , Galatians 1:19 (where the reading is doubtful), and in John's first Epistle.

a little while. Compare John 7:33 , John 7:34 ; John 14:19 ; John 16:16-19 .

as = even as.

the Jews . The Lord uses this expression only here, John 4:22 ; John 18:20 ; John 18:36 .

cannot come = are not (Greek. ou. App-105 ) able to come. The third time He said these words. Compare John 7:34 ; John 8:21 .

Verse 34

new. Greek. kainos. See note on Matthew 9:17 .

Verse 35

By = In. Greek. en. App-104 .

love . Greek agape. App-135 .

one to another = among (Greek. en) yourselves. Compare the only other place in the Gospels where en allelois occurs (Mark 9:50 ).

Verse 36

Me. All the texts omit.

Verse 37

now = just now. Greek. arti.

lay down , &c. Compare John 10:11 , John 10:15 ; John 15:13 . 1 John 3:16 .

life . Greek. psuche. App-110 .

for Thy sake = on behalf of (Greek. huper. App-104 .) Thee.

Verse 38

answered him . All the texts read, "answereth". The = A.

not = by no means. Greek. ou me. App-105 .

crow. Greek. phoneo. Same word as in John 13:13 .

denied = utterly denied (Greek. aparneumai), always of denying a person, as in Mat 26:84 , Matthew 26:35 , Matthew 26:75 .Mark 14:30 , Mark 14:31 , Mark 14:72 .Luke 22:34 Luke 22:61 ; but L T Tr. A WH R read arneomai, the milder

form , without the intensive prefix.

Chapter 14

Verse 1

not. Greek. me. App-105 .

troubled . Compare John 11:33 (Himself); John 12:27 (My soul); John 18:21 (spirit). Here it is the heart. In all cases the whole being is meant. See also Luke 24:38 .

ye believe . There is no reason for translating the two verbs differently. Both are imperative. "Believe in God, and believe in Me".

believe . App-150 .

in . Greek. eis. God. App-98 .

Verse 2

In. Greek. en. App-104 .

My Father's . In John's Gospel the Lord uses this expression thirty-five times, though in a few instances the texts read "the" instead of "My". It is found fourteen times in these three chapters 14-16. It occurs seventeen times in Matthew, six times in Luke (three times in parables), but not once in Mark.

mansions = abiding places. Greek. more (from meno, a characteristic word in this Gospel). Occurs only here and in John 14:23 ,

if it were not so = if not. Greek. ei me. There is no verb. I would, &c. All the texts add "that" (hoti), and read "would I have told you that I go", &c.

Verse 3

if . App-118 .

I will come , &c. = again I am coming, and I will receive you.

unto . Greek. pros. App-104 .

that = in order that. Greek hires.

yemay be also = ye also may be.

Verse 4

know . Greek. oida. App-132 . Most of the texts omit the second "ye know", and read, "whither, &c., ye know the way. "

Verse 5

Thomas. See App-94 and App-141 .

unto = to. Lord. App-98 . A.

not . Greek. ou. App-105 .

can , &c. The texts read, "know we".

Verse 6

Jesus . App-98 .

am. This affirmation used by our Lord at least twenty-five times in John. See John 4:26 ; John 6:20 ("It is I". Greek Ego eimi), 35, 41, 48, 51; John 8:12 , John 8:18 , John 8:23 , John 8:24 , John 8:28 , John 8:58 ; John 10:7 , John 10:9 , John 10:11 , John 10:14 ; John 11:25 ; John 13:19 ; John 15:1 , John 15:5 ; John 18:5 , John 18:6 , John 18:8 , John 18:37 .

way . Compare Acts 9:2 ; Acts 18:25 , Acts 18:26 ; Acts 19:9 , Acts 19:23 ; Acts 22:4 ; Acts 24:22 .

the truth = and the truth. Note the Figure of speech Polysyndeton to emphasize the Lord's statement.

truth. Greek aletheia. Compare App-175 . This word occurs twenty-five times in John, always in the lips of the Lord, save John 1:14 , John 1:17 and John 18:38 (Pilate). Only seven times in Matthew, Mark, and Luke.

life . App-170 ., a characteristic word in this Gospel, where it occurs thirty-six times. See first occurance (Matthew 7:14 ), "the way which leadeth unto life", and compare 1 John 5:11 , 1Jn 5:12 , 1 John 5:20 .

no man = no one. Greek. oudeis.

cometh. Compare John 6:44 .

the Father . See John 1:14 ,

but = if not. Greek ei me.

by = through. Greek dia. App-104 .John 14:1 .

Verse 7

If , &c. App-118 .

known . App-132 .

from henceforth = from (Greek. apo. App-104 . iv) now.

seen . App-133 . Compare 1 John 1:1 .

Verse 8

Philip. See John 1:43-48 ; John 6:5 ; John 12:21 , John 12:22 , and App-141 .

Verse 9

so long time . Philip, one of the first called. See John 1:43 .

with . Greek. meta. App-104 .

Verse 10

Believest . App-150 .

the words , &c. Supply the Ellipsis ( App-6 ) thus: "The words that I speak, I speak not of Myself, but the Father that dwelleth in Me speaketh them, and the works that I do, I do not of Myself, but the Father that dwelleth in Me doeth them".

words. Greek. rhema. See Mark 9:32 .

of = from, Greek. apo. App-104 .

dwelleth =

abideth . Greek. meno. See p. 1511.

the works . The texts read "His works".

Verse 11

Believe Me that , &c. App-150 .

believe Me . App-150 .

for . . . sake = On account of. Greek. dia. App-104 .John 14:2 .

very works = works themselves.

Verse 12

Verily, verily . The twenty-second occurance. See on John 1:51 .

the works , &c.: i.e. similar works, e.g. Acts 3:7 ; Acts 3:9 . as.

he do also = he also do.

greater . Not only more remarkable miracles (Acts 5:15 ; Acts 19:12 ) by the men who were endued with power from on high (pneuma hagion, App-101 .), but a more extended and successful ministry. The Lord rarely went beyond the borders of Palestine. He for-bade the twelve to go save to the lost sheep of the house of Israel (Matthew 10:5 , Matthew 10:6 ); after Pentecost they went "everywhere" (Acts 8:4 ), and Paul could say, "your faith is spoken of throughout the whole world" (Romans 1:8 ).

Verse 13

ask . App-134 . Compare Matthew 7:7 .

name . The word occurs first in Matthew 1:21 , associated with Jesus ( App-98 . X). Compare Mark 16:17 with Acts 3:6 , Acts 3:16 ; Acts 4:10 , &c.

glorified. See John 12:16 .

Verse 15

love . Greek. agapao. App-135 ., and see p. 1511. keep. Most of the texts read, "ye will keep".

Verse 16

pray . Greek. erotao. App-134 . Not aiteo as in John 14:18 . See 1 John 5:16 , where both words are used.

shall = will.

another . Greek. allos. App-124 .

Comforter . Greek. parakletos, rendered "Advocate" in 1 John 2:1 . Parakletos and the Latin Advocatus both mean one called to the side of another for help or counsel. The word is only found in John: here; John 14:26 ; John 15:26 ; John 16:7 and 1 John 2:1 . So we have one Paraclete (the Holy Spirit) as here, and another with the Father. The Rabbinical writings often refer to the Messiah under the title Menahem (= Comforter), and speak of His days as the days of consolation. Compare Luke 2:25 . See Dr. John Lightfoot's Works, vol. xii, p. 384.

abide . Greek. meno. Same as "dwelleth "in John 14:10 . See p. 1611.

for ever. Greek. eis ton aiona. App-151 .

Verse 17

the Spirit of truth = the Spirit ( App-101 .) of the truth. The definite article in both cases.

world . Greek. kosmos. App-129 .

cannot = is not ( App-105 ) able to.

seeth . Greek. theoreo. App-133 .

with = beside. Greek. para. App-104 .

Verse 18

comfortless = orphans. Greek. or phanos. Occurs only here and James 1:27 .

will come = am coming. As in John 14:3 .

to. Greek. pros. App-104 .

Verse 19

a little while ; i.e. about thirty hours. From the moment the Lord was taken down from the cross and entombed, He disappeared from the eyes of the world. Acts 10:40 , Acts 10:41 .

no more . Greek. ouk eti.

shall live also = also shall live.

Verse 20

At = In. Greek. en. App-104 .

At that day . Referring primarily to the forty days after His resurrection, but this well-known Hebrew term describes the day of the Lord, in contra- distinction to this present day of man (1 Corinthians 4:3 margin) See Isaiah 2:11-17 and Revelation 1:10 .

I in you. Fulfilled primarily at Pentecost, but looking on to the time when He will be among (Greek. en. App-104 .) His people, as Jehovah-Shammah. See Ezekiel 43:7 ; Ezekiel 48:35 .Zephaniah 3:15-17 .

Verse 21

of = by. Greek. hupo. App-104 .

manifest . Greek. emphanizo. App-106 .

Verse 22

Judas . App-141 . Brother or son of James (Luke 6:16 , Revised Version) Five others of this name. Judas Iscariot; Judas, the Lord's brother (Matthew 13:30 ); Judas of Galilee (Acts 5:37 ); Judas of Damascus (Acts 9:11 ); and Judas Barsabas (Acts 15:22 ). This is the only mention of this Judas. how is it . . . P = how comes it to pass?

wilt = art about to.

Verse 23

answered , &c. See note on Deuteronomy 1:41 and App-122 .

a man = any one. Greek. tis . App-123 .

words = word (singular) Greek. logos: i.e. the commandments of verses: John 14:15 , John 14:21 .

abode. Same word as "mansions", in John 14:2 .

Verse 24

sayings = words. Greek. logos. Same as "word "in the next clause, and in John 14:23 . Compare John 8:51 , John 8:52 , John 8:55 , and see note on Mark 9:32 . Which sent Me. This expression (Greek. ho pempsas , App-174 .), Occurs twenty-four times, all in John. See John 4:34 ; John 5:23 , John 5:24 , John 5:30 , John 5:37 ; John 6:38 , John 6:39 , John 6:40 , John 6:44 ; John 7:16 , John 7:28 , John 7:33 ; John 8:16 , John 8:18 , John 8:26 , John 8:29 ; John 9:4 ; John 12:44 , John 12:45 , John 12:49 ; John 13:20 ; John 15:21 ; John 16:5 . In the third person, "that sent Him", twice, John 7:18 ; John 13:16 .

Verse 25

being yet present = abiding. Greek. mend. A characteristic word in John's Gospel. See p. 1511. Same word as "abide", John 14:16 , and "dwell", verses: John 14:10 , John 14:17 .

Verse 26

the Holy Ghost = the Spirit, the Holy. Greek. to Pneuma to Hagion. The only place in John where the two articles are found. Elsewhere Matthew 12:32 .Mark 3:29 ; Mark 12:36 ; Mark 13:11 .Luke 2:26 ; Luke 3:22 .Acts 1:16 ; Acts 5:3 , Acts 5:32 ; Act 7:61 ; Acts 8:18 ; Acts 10:44 , Acts 10:47 ; Acts 11:15 ; Acts 13:2 , Acts 13:4 ; Acts 15:8 ; Acts 19:6 ; Acts 20:23 , Acts 20:28 ; Acts 21:11 ; Acts 21:28 , Acts 21:25 .Ephesians 1:13 ; Ephesians 4:30 . Hebrews 3:7 ; Hebrews 9:8 ; Hebrews 9:10 . is. Twenty-eight times (7 x 4 = 28. App-10 ). See App-101 .

he = that One. Greek. ekeinos.

teach . Greek. didasko. Occurs 97 times, always rendered "teach". Compare 1 John 2:27 . Other words translated "teach "are katangello, Acts 16:21 ; katecheo, 1 Corinthians 14:19 . Galatians 1:6 , Galatians 1:6 ; matheteuo, Matthew 28:19 . Acts 14:21 ; and paideuo, Acts 22:3 .Titus 2:12 .

bring, &c. = put you in mind of. Occurs seven times: Luk 22:61 . 2 Timothy 2:14 . Tit 3:1 . 2 Peter 1:12 . 2 John 1:10 . Jude 1:5 . Compare John 2:17 , John 2:22 ; John 12:16 . Luke 24:6 , Luke 24:8 (a kindred word).

Verse 27

Peace. Figure of speech Synecdoche. Greek. eirene. Six times in John, always by the Lord. Compare Daniel 10:19 .

with you = to you.

My peace . The Prince of Peace (Isaiah 9:6 ) alone can give true peace. Compare John 16:33 ; John 20:19 , John 20:21 , John 20:26 . Luke 24:36 .

unto = to,

world. Greek kosmos. App-129 . The world talks of peace, and we have Peace Societies, and Temples of Peace, while the nations are arming to the teeth. The world (Acts 4:27 ) slew Him Who came to bring peace, and now talks of creating a "World's Peace" without the Prince of Peace, in ignorance of Psalms 2:1 . Pro 1:25-27 . 1 Thessalonians 5:8 .

neither . Greek mede.

be afraid = show cowardice. Greek. deiliao. Occures only here. The noun deilia. Occurs only in 2 Timothy 1:7 , and the adjective deilos in Matthew 8:26 . Mark 4:40 . Revelation 21:8 .

Verse 28

have heard = heard (Aor.)

come again = am coming (omit "again "). I said. All the texts omit.

greater . The Lord was not inferior as to His essential being (see verses: John 14:9-11 ; John 10:30 ), but as to His office, as sent by the Father. See 1 Corinthians 15:27 . Philippians 1:2 , Philippians 1:9-11 .

Verse 29

now . Greek. nee. See John 12:27 .

believe . App-150 .

Verse 30

Hereafter I will not = No longer (Greek. ouk eti) will I.

prince. See John 12:31 .

nothing . Greek. ouk ouden, a double negative, for emphasis. No sin for Satan to work upon. Compare John 8:46 . 2Co 6:21 .Hebrews 4:15 . 1 Peter 2:22 , 1Pe 2:23 ; 1 John 3:5 .

Verse 31

that = in order that. Greek. hina.

I love . The only place where the Lord speaks of loving the Father. Six times the Father's love to the Son is mentioned, John 3:35 ; John 10:17 ; John 16:9 ; John 17:23 , John 17:24 , John 17:26 . The adjective agapetos, beloved, does not occur in John's Gospel, but nine times in his Epistles. See App-135 .

as = even as.

gave . . . commandment = charged. Compare Matthew 4:6 ; Matthew 17:9 , and see notes on Isa. . Joh 49:6-9 .

even so. Compare John 3:14 ; John 5:23 ; Joh 12:60 . Note even as . . . even so.

I do = I am doing, i.e. carrying it out in obedience to the Father's will. Compare John 4:34 ; John 5:30 ; John 6:38-40 . Philippians 1:2 , Philippians 1:8 . Hebrews 5:8 ,

arise. Implying haste . Greek. egeiro. App-178 .

let us go . Compare John 11:15 .

Chapter 15

Verse 1

I am. See on John 14:6

true = real. App-175 .

vine . Three trees are used in the N.T. to teach important lessons. The fig is used by our Lord to show the causes of the doom of Israel. In Romans 11:0 , Paul applies the figure of the olive tree also to Israel, and utters a solemn warning to the Gentiles; i.e. all the Gentiles upon whom My name is called (Acts 15:17 ), now grafted in in Israel's place. The vine speaks of Israel's temporal and spiritual blessings (Psalms 8:0 0 and Isaiah 5:0 ). That vine failed. Henceforth there is no blessing for Israel as such till He comes Who is the true Israel (Isaiah 49:8 ), as He is the true vine. Then shall Isaiah 27:6 be fulfilled. The interpretation of this passage is for Israel alone, though many blessed lessons may be drawn from it, by way of application. Through reading the "Church" into these verses, great confusion has resulted and grievous distress been caused to the people of God.

My Father . See John 2:16 .

Verse 2

branch. Greek. klema. Only here, and verses: John 15:4 , John 15:5 , John 15:6 .

in . Greek en. App-104 . not. Greek. me. App-106 .

taketh away = raiseth. Greek. airo. Occurs 102 times, and translates more than forty times, take up, lift up, &c. Take away is a secondary meaning, see the Lexicons. Compare Matthew 4:6 ; Matthew 16:24 .Luke 17:13 .Revelation 10:5 ; Revelation 18:21 , and Psalms 24:7 , Psalms 24:9 (Septuagint)

purgeth = cleanseth. Greek kathairo. Occurs only here, and Hebrews 10:2 . Of the two kinds of branches, the fruitless and the fruitful, He raises the former from grovelling on the ground, that it may bear fruit, and cleanses the latter that it may bear more fruit.

that = in order that. Greek. hina.

bring forth = bear. Same word as in the two previous clauses.

Verse 3

Now = Already. clean. Greek. katharos. Compare John 13:10 , John 13:11 , the only other occurance in John, and the verb kathairo in John 15:2 .

through = on account of. App-104

word . Greek. logos. See on Mark 9:32 .

unto = to

Verse 4

Abide . Greek. meno. See p. 1511.

and I . Read "I also [abide] in you". Omit the full stop, and supply "for".

cannot = is not ( App-105 ) able to.

of. Greek. apo. App-104 .

except = if . . . not. Greek. ean me. App-118 and App-105 .

no more = even so neither. Greek houtos oude.

Verse 5

without. Greek choris, apart from. Compare John 1:3 and John 20:7 (by itself), the only other occurance in John.

nothing . Greek. ou ouden, a double negative.

Verse 6

If a man . . . not . Greek. ean me tis. App-118 and App-123 . See "except" in John 15:4 . It is no longer "you "or "ye" but "any one", speaking generally.

is cast forth . . . is withered . (Both verbs are in the Aorist) = was cast forth, &c., perhaps referring to the fig-tree (Matthew 21:19 , and App-156 ). Compare Matthew 13:6 .

a = the.

men = they. Compare Matthew 13:30 , Matthew 13:39 , Matthew 13:41 .

into . Greek. eis. App-104 .

the fire . No art. in received text, but added by T Tr. A WI R, making it emphatic. See Matthew 13:40 , Matthew 13:42 .Revelation 20:15 .

Verse 7

If. App-118 .

words sayings. Greek rhema. See Mark 9:32 .

ye shall ask. All the texts read "ask". Compare John 14:13 , John 14:14 . Greek aiteo. App-134 .

will . Greek. thelo. App-102 .

be done = come to pass. Greek. ginomai.

Verse 8

Herein = In (Greek. en. App-104 .) this.

is . . . glorified = was . . . glorified (Aorist). Greek doxazo. See p. 1511 and Compare John 13:31 .

that = in order that (Greek. hina), showing the Father's purpose. Compare John 11:15 , John 11:50 ; John 12:33 ; John 13:1-3 .

so shall ye be = and (that) ye may become. Greek ginomai. See on "done "in John 15:7 .

Verse 9

As = Even as. Greek kathos.

the Father . See on John 1:14 .

hath loved = loved. Aor. as in second clause. App-135 .

continue = abide. Greek. meno, as in John 15:4 .

love. App-135 ., and see p. 1511.

keep. Greek. tereo. Compare John 8:51 , John 8:2 , John 8:55 ; John 14:15 , John 14:21 , John 14:23 , John 14:24 .

Verse 11

My joy = the joy that is mine (emph.) Three times in John, here, John 3:29 , and John 17:13 .

remain = abide. Greek meno as above, but all the texts read "be".

your joy . As He gave them His peace (John 14:27 ), so He seeks to make them partakers of His joy.

might be full = may be fulfilled: i.e. filled full.

My commandment . My charge to you. As the Father's charge to Me (John 15:10 ) so My charge to you. Compare John 13:34 .

as = even as. have

loved = loved, as in John 15:9 .

Verse 13

no man = no one. Greek. oudeis.

a man = one. Greek. tis. App-123 .

lay down . Greek. tithemi, literally place; translated "giveth" in John 10:11 ; "lay down "in John 10:15 , John 10:17 , John 10:18 ; John 13:37 , John 13:38 ; 1 John 3:16 .

life. App-110 .

for = in behalf of. Greek. huper. App-104 .

friends (Greek. philos, noun of phileo. App-135 .) = those whom one loves. Compare John 13:1 .Romans 5:6-8 .

Verse 14

whatsoever . The texts read "the things which".

Verse 15

Henceforth . . . not = No longer. Greek. ouketi, compound of ou.

servants = bondservants.

knoweth . App-132 .

not. Greek. ou. App-105 .

lord. Greek kurios. App-98 .

of = with. Greek para. App-104 .

have made known = made known (Aor.)

Verse 16

y e have not , &c. = Not that ye chose Me, &c. Figure of speech Antimetabole. App-6 . Thus reversing the custom of the Jews for the disciple to choose his own master. See Dr. John Lightfoot, Works, vol. iii. p. 175.

have chosen = chose.

ordained = placed. Greek. tithemi, as in John 15:13 . Compare 1 Timothy 1:12 ; 1Ti 2:7 . 2 Timothy 1:11 .Hebrews 1:2 .

go = go forth.

ask of = ask, as in John 15:7 .

Verse 18

If . App-118 .

world . Greek. kosmos. See John 14:17 and App-129 .

ye know = know (imperative mood) Greek. ginosko. App-132 .

hated = hath hated. Therefore continues to hate.

Verse 19

of = out of. Greek ek. App-104 .

would love . Would love and continue loving (Imperfect). Greek. phileo. App-135 . have

chosen = chose.

out of . Greek. ek, as above.

therefore = on account of (Greek. dia. App-104 .John 15:2; John 15:2 ) this.

Verse 20

Remember . Referring to John 13:16 .

have persecuted = persecuted (Aor.) Greek. dioko = to pursue (opposite to pheugo, to flee), here with malignant intent. It is translated thirty-one times "persecute", and thirteen times "follow", &c. in a good sense. Compare Acts 9:4 . In Luke 11:49 and 1 Thessalonians 2:18 a stronger word, ekdioko, is used.

also, &c. = persecute you also.

have kept = kept (Aor.)

saying. Greek logos. Same as "word" above, and in John 3:25 .

Verse 21

unto. The received text has the dative, but all the texts read eis ( App-104 .)

for My name's sake = on account of (Greek. dia. App-104 .John 15:2; John 15:2 ) My name. See Acts 4:7 , Acts 4:17 , Acts 4:18 ; Acts 5:40 , Acts 5:41 ; Acts 9:14 , Acts 9:16 , Acts 9:21 ; 1 Peter 4:14 , 1 Peter 4:16 , where all the texts read "name" instead of "behalf".

Him That sent Me. See on John 14:24 .

Verse 22

had . . . come , &c. = came and spake.

had not had sin = would not have (imperf.) sin, i.e. in rejecting Him as the Messiah. Figure of speech Heterasis. App-6 . sin. App-128 .

now. Greek. nun. See John 12:27 .

no = not ( App-105 ) any.

cloke = excuse. Greek. prophasis. Occurs seven times, rendered "pretence" in Matthew 23:14 .Mark 12:40 . Philippians 1:1 , Philippians 1:18 ; "shew", Luke 20:47 ; ' colour", Acts 27:30 , and "cloke", here and 1 Thessalonians 2:5 .

for = concerning. Greek. peri. App-104 .

Verse 24

among . Greek. en. App-104 .

none other man = no one else. Greek oudeis altos. App-124 . Compare John 5:36 ; John 9:30 .

they had not , &c. Same as in John 15:22 . Notice the different negatives me and ou in the two clauses of the verse as in John 15:22 .

seen . Greek horao. App-133 .

Verse 25

fulfilled. See note on "full" in John 15:11 .

their law . Compare John 8:17 .

They hated , &c. Quoted from Psalms 35:19 with Psalms 69:4 . Compare also Psalms 109:3 with Psalms 119:161 .

without a cause . Greek dorean. Occurs eight times; translated "freely" in Matthew 10:8 . Rom 3:24 . 2 Corinthians 11:7 . Revelation 21:6 ; Revelation 22:17 , "in vain", Galatians 2:21 "for nought", 2 Thessalonians 3:8 .

Verse 26

the Comforter . See John 14:16 .

is come = shall have come.

send . Greek. pempo. App-174 .

from . Greek. para. App-104 .

the Spirit of truth . See on John 14:17 .

proceedeth = goeth forth.

he. Greek. ekeinos, as in John 14:26 .

shall = will; one of the many instances where both Authorized Version and Revised Version blur the sense of their translation by the misuse of "shall "and "will".

testify = bear witness. Greek. martureo. See note on John 1:7 .

of = concerning. Greek. peri. App-104 .

Verse 27

shall bear witness = testify, or are testifying (present).

ye have been = ye are.

with . Greek. meta. App-104 .

from the beginning . See note on John 8:44 .

Chapter 16

Verse 1

unto = to.

that = in order that. Greek. hina.

not . Greek. me. App-105 .

offended : literally scandalized, or caused to stumble. See John 6:61 .Matthew 5:29 ; Matthew 11:6 ; Matthew 26:31 , Matthew 26:33 . Compare 1 Corinthians 1:23 .Galatians 1:3 , Galatians 1:13 . The Talmud speaks of Him as "the hung".

Verse 2

shall = will.

put you out, &c. = make you excommunicate. Greek. aposunagogos. Occurs only here; John 9:22 ; and John 12:42 . Compare John 9:34 , John 9:35 .

killeth. See Acts 7:59 ; Acts 12:2 ; Acts 23:12 ; Acts 26:10 .

doeth , &c. = is presenting an offering to God. See Acts 26:9 .

God. App-98 .

service . Greek. latreia, technical word for an "offering". Occurs five times: here; Romans 9:4 ; Romans 12:1 .Hebrews 9:1 , Hebrews 9:6 . In the Septuagint five times: Exodus 12:25 , Exodus 12:26 ; Exodus 13:5 . Jos 22:27 . 1 Chronicles 28:13 .

Verse 3

unto you . All the texts omit.

have not known = knew not (Aor.),

not . Greek. ou. App-105 .

known . App-132 .

the Father . See p. 1511.

nor . Greek. oude .

Verse 4

the time . The texts read "their hour": i.e. the time of the things of verses: John 16:2 , John 16:3 .

shall come = shall have come.

at the beginning = from the beginning. Greek. ex arches. See note on John 6:64 . with. Greek. meta. App-104 .

Verse 5

now . Greek. nun. See John 12:27 .

go My way = am going away: i.e. withdrawing.

to . Greek. pros. App-104 .

Him That sent Me . See on John 14:24 .

sent. Greek. pempo. App-174 .

none = no one. Greek. oudeis.

of = out of. Greek. ek. App-104 .

asketh. Greek erotao. App-134 . They did not grasp the expediency of His going. So questioning had given place to sorrow. All else was excluded by the distress caused by "the things" foretold.

Verse 7

Nevertheless = But.

truth . Greek. atetheia. Compare App-175 ., and see p. 1511.

expedient = profitable. Greek. sumphero. Compare Matthew 5:29 , Matthew 5:30 . Acts 20:20 . Occurs in John here; John 11:50 ; and John 18:14 . The two last passages indicate what Caiaphas deemed "expedient".

go away : i.e. openly.

if . App-118 .

Comforter. See on John 14:16 .

unto. Greek. pros. Same as "to" in John 16:5 .

depart. Greek. poreuomai. Same word as in John 14:2 . Note the three different words used by the Lord. In this verse, aperchomai twice, translated "go away", expressing the fact; pareuomai, " depart", describing the change of sphere from earth to heaven, and in John 16:5 hupago, the manner, secretly, viz. by resurrection. It was in this way that Peter could not follow Him then (John 13:36 ).

Verse 8

And , &c. These four verses exhibit the Figure of speech Prosapodosis, App-6 .

when He is come = having come.

he. Greek. ekeinos. See John 14:26 .

reprove = convict, i.e. bring in guilty. Greek. elencho (Latin. convince). Elsewhere in John 3:20 , "reprove"; John 8:9 , "convict"; John 8:46 , "convince". Compare also Titus 1:9 . James 2:9 .

world. Greek. kosmos. App-129 .

of = concerning. App-104 .

sin. App-128 .

judgment. App-177 .

Verse 9

because . The mission of the Holy Spirit was to bring the world in guilty in regard to three things: (1) SIN. In God's sight sin is refusal to believe the Gospel concerning His son (1 John 5:10 ). The Jews regarded only moral offences (as men do to-day) and infractions of the ceremonial law and the traditions of the elders (Matthew 15:2 ) as sin. (2) RIGHTEOUSNESS. Here also God's standard and man's differ. The Jews regarded the punctilious Pharisee (Luke 18:11 , Luke 18:12 ) as the ideal. The only righteous One, whose standard was the will of God (John 8:29 . Hebrews 10:7 ), was rejected and crucified, and now in righteousness was to be removed from the earth, the seal of the Father's approval being put upon Him by resurrection. In Him Who is made unto us righteousness (1 Corinthians 1:30 ), the Divine standard is revealed (Romans 1:17 ). (3) JUDGMENT. For the prince of this world has been already judged (John 12:31 ) and sentenced, and ere long the sentence will be executed (Romans 16:20 ).

believe . . . on. App-150 .

Verse 10

My Father . See on John 14:2 .

see = behold. App-133 .

no more . Greek. ouketi.

Verse 11

is judged = has been judged. App-122 .

Verse 12

I have , &c. Still there are many things I have.

cannot = are not ( App-105 ) able.

bear . Greek. bastazo. Compare its use in John 10:31 ; John 19:17 . Matthew 20:12 .Acts 15:10 . Galatians 1:6 , Galatians 1:2 , Galatians 1:5 . Compare 1 Corinthians 3:2 .Hebrews 5:12 . 1 Peter 2:2 .

Verse 13

Howbeit = But.

the Spirit of truth. See on John 14:17 and App-101 .

is come = shall have come.

guide = lead on the way. Greek. hodegeo. Elsewhere in Matthew 15:14 .Luke 6:39 . Acts 8:31 .Revelation 7:17 . Used in the Septuagint for Hebrew. nahdh. Nehemiah 9:19 . Psa 23:8 ; Psalms 73:24 ; Psalms 139:24 , &c.

into. Greek. eis. App-104 .

all truth = all the truth: i.e. all the truth necessary for His people from Ascension to Descension; the truth concerning the Pentecostal Church, the blessed hope of His return, and the mystery or secret of' the Body of Christ, yet to be revealed to Paul.

of = from. Greek. apo. App-104 .

whatsoever = whatsoever things.

shall = will.

shew = tell or report. See John 4:25 ; John 5:15 .Acts 14:27 ; Acts 15:4 ; 1 Peter 1:12 .

things to come = the coming things.

Verse 14

glorify . See p. 1511.

Verse 15

therefore = on account of (Greek. dia. App-104 .John 16:2; John 16:2 ) this.

Verse 16

A little while . See on John 13:33 .

shall not see Me . Most of the texts read, "see ( App-133 .) Me no more".

see . App-133 :. a. Not the same word as in first clause.

because , &c. T Tr. A WI R omit this clause.

Verse 17

Then = Therefore.

among themselves = to (Greek. pros. App-104 .) one another.

Verse 18

cannot tell = do not (Greek. ou . App-105 .) know. App-132 .

Verse 19

Now. All the texts omit.

Jesus . App-98 .

were desirous = were wishing. Greek. thelo. App-102 .

among yourselves = with (Greek. meta. App-104 .) one another.

Verse 20

Verily, verily. Twenty-third occurrence. See on John 1:51 .

weep . Greek. klaio. See John 11:31 , John 11:38 .

lament. Greek. threneo (compare Engl. threnody). See Luke 23:27 , and the other two occurances. Matthew 11:17 , and Luke 7:32 (mourn).

Verse 21

A woman = The woman. The article, in conjunction with the Hebraism "in that day", verses: John 16:23 , John 16:26 , in. dicates the woman (wife) of Revelation 12:0 . See Isaiah 66:7-11 .Micah 5:3 . Compare Psalms 22:31 .Hosea 13:13 .Micah 4:9 , Micah 4:10 . The time is the time of Jacob's trouble (Jeremiah 30:7 ), the birth -pangs (sorrows, Matthew 24:8 ) which will result in the birth of the new Israel, the nation of Isaiah 66:8 and Matthew 21:43 .

child. App-108 :

anguish. Greek. thlipsis, tribulation. Matthew 24:21 , Matthew 24:29 .

for = on account of. Greek. dia. App-104 .John 16:2 .

man. App-123 .

is born = was born.

Verse 22

heart . Compare John 14:1 .

no man = no one. Greek. oudeis.

taketh . Most of' the texts read "shall take".

from . Greek. apo. App-104 .

Verse 23

in that day . See John 14:20 . The use of this important Hebraism (Isaiah 2:11 , Isaiah 2:12 and note there) in connexion with the woman of John 16:21 shows that it refers to Israel and has nothing to do with the Church. The promise as to "asking in My name" was fulfilled as long as the offer of restoration on condition of national repentance continued; when that offer was withdrawn (Acts 28:28 ), the promises (and "gifts") were 'with-drawn also. They will be renewed "in that day".

in. Greek. en. App-104 .

nothing . A double negative. Greek. ouk ouden.

ask . Greek. aiteo. App-134 .

in My name . See on John 14:13 . The texts connect "in My name" with "give" instead of' "ask".

Verse 24

Hitherto = Until now.

have ye asked = asked ye.

full = fulfilled: i.e. filled full.

Verse 25

proverbs . Greek. paroimia, a wayside saying. Occurs five times: here (twice); John 16:29 ; John 10:6 (parable); and 2 Peter 2:22 . In the Septuagint it is found in Proverbs 1:1 and at the title of the book. Elsewhere parabole is used. In N.T. parabole is frequent, rendered "parable", save Mark 4:30 (comparison); Luke 4:23 (proverb); and Hebrews 9:9 ; Hebrews 11:19 (figure).

but . Omit.

the time = an hour.

plainly = in free speech, openly. See John 11:14 .

Verse 26

At = In. Greek. en. App-104 .

that day . See John 16:23 .

pray. Greek. erotao. Same as "ask" in John 16:5 .

for = concerning. Greek. peri. App-104 .

Verse 27

loveth. Greek. phileo. App-135 .

believed . App-150 .

from = from beside. Greek. para. App-104 . Compare John 8:42 ; John 13:3 ; John 17:8 .

Verse 28

go . Same word as "depart", John 16:7 .

Verse 29

said = say. The texts omit "unto Him".

Lo. Greek. ide. App-133 .

no . Greek. oudeis.

Verse 30

are we sure = we know. Greek. oida. App-132 . Same word as "tell "(John 16:18 ) and "knowest "in next clause.

by = in. Greek. en. App-104 .

Verse 31

believe . App-150 .

Verse 32

Behold . Greek. idou. App-133 .

the hour = an hour (no art.) All the texts omit "now".

shall be scattered = should be dispersed. Greek. skorpieo. Occurs elsewhere John 10:12 .Matthew 12:30 . Luke 11:23 . 2 Corinthians 9:9 . A stronger word in John 11:52 .Matthew 26:31 .

every man = each.

to = unto. Greek. App-104 .

his own = his own (home). Greek. to idia. Compare John 1:11 , where it means his own possessions.

and yet = and.

Verse 33

peace . Greek. eirene. See John 14:27 ; John 20:19 , Joh 21:26 .

tribulation . Same as "anguish", John 16:21 .

overcome = conquered. Greek nikao. Occurs twenty-eight times. Only here in John's Gospel, but six times in first Epistle. Always translated "overcome", except in Revelation 5:5 ; Revelation 6:2 ; Revelation 15:2 . The noun nike only in 1 John 5:4 , and nikos in Matthew 12:20 . 1 Corinthians 15:54 , 1 Corinthians 15:55 , 1 Corinthians 15:57 .

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