Christian Churches of God

No. 269

 

 

 

False Prophecy

 

(Edition 2.0 20050130-20050130-20070608)

 

In this paper we will deal with the question of false prophecy in the Churches of God over the last two centuries. Over this last period it has become an epidemic. Each of the major churches was founded on and developed false prophecy. These false prophets exploited the credulity of the members who were drawn by a desire to know the truth. In this way they affected the course of the Churches of God and the lives of millions.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Christian Churches of God

PO Box 369,  WODEN  ACT 2606,  AUSTRALIA

 

E-mail: secretary@ccg.org

 

 

 

(Copyright ă 2005, 2007 Wade Cox)

 

 

This paper may be freely copied and distributed provided it is copied in total with no alterations or deletions. The publisher’s name and address and the copyright notice must be included.  No charge may be levied on recipients of distributed copies.  Brief quotations may be embodied in critical articles and reviews without breaching copyright.

 

This paper is available from the World Wide Web page:
http://www.logon.org and http://www.ccg.org

 

 


False Prophecy

 


Introduction

The Lord God has spoken concerning prophets and prophecy.

 

God spoke first concerning idolatry among the prophets. If a prophet advocates the worship of idols or other gods then that prophet shall die.

 

If a person says, “Thus says the Lord” and when it does not come to pass or is contrary to the Bible then that prophet shall die. Thus each of the false prophets baptised into the Body of Christ, is confined to the Second Resurrection by their presumption.

 

Deuteronomy 18:20 But the prophet which shall presume to speak a word in my name which I have not commanded him to speak or that shall speak in the name of other gods, even that prophet shall die. (KJV)

 

Deuteronomy 18:22 When a prophet speaks in the name of the Lord, if the thing follow not, nor come to pass, that is the thing which the Lord hath not spoken, but the prophet hath spoken it presumptuously: thou shalt not be afraid of him.  

 

Thus spoke the Living God through His servants the prophets.

 

The first requirement of the Church of God is to be dedicated to the truth, for God is Truth and His word is Truth (Jn. 17:17). The Holy Spirit is the Spirit of Truth (Jn. 14:17; 15:26). The Holy Spirit leads us to the truth and the truth sets us free. The Holy Spirit works among the elect who are the stewards of the Mysteries of God. Thus the Holy Spirit, in truth, develops the Plan of God through the Churches of God (see the paper Truth (No. 168)).

 

The elect are those who follow the Laws of God and the Testimony (or faith) of Jesus Christ (Rev. 12:17; 14:12). They worship God in spirit and in truth (Jn. 4:24).

 

In his message to the Corinthians, Paul tells us that Love never fails. The entire Law of God is centred on two pillars of the faith as embodied in the Two Great Commandments of the Law of God. These two pillars of the Law are the Love of God and the Love of our Fellow Man (see the papers The First Great Commandment (No. 252) and The Second Great Commandment (No. 257)).

 

We are told that Love never fails but prophecy will fail, as tongues will cease. We know in part and we prophesy in part, but when that which is perfect is come, then that which is in part shall be done away. Then we will all know perfectly and prophecy will cease (1Cor. 13:8-10). Until then God reveals His Plan and His direction, and explains the Mysteries of God through the Churches of God, and through His servants the prophets who serve those churches and warn mankind.

 

False prophecy is the most serious of scriptural crimes, as it wrests the word of God and is then used by detractors as evidence of the failure of Scripture. It is, most often, merely the utterings of what at best is an uninformed minister, and at worst, might be the interference of Satan in the Plan of God.

 

The first chapters of Romans deal with the holding of the truth of God in unrighteousness and disobedience.

 

False prophecy and false prophets usurp the power of God as it is expressed in the Body of Christ. False prophets seek recognition for themselves, when a servant of God should be the servant of all in the Body of Christ.

 

We intend to progressively and systematically deal with the errors, and the basis of the errors and misinterpretation of the Bible prophecies as revealed by God through His servants the prophets. We hope that people of all nations might understand the false teachings that have been used, and are in fact still being used, to exploit them over time.

 

We will examine year by year the false prophecies made by these latter-day false prophets and the people who feed from their errors.

 

We will examine the unabashed justifications of the Jehovah’s Witnesses, the failure of the Churches of God system, and the false prophecies of Herbert W. Armstrong and his associates who seemed to wallow in his penchant for false prophecy. They themselves still continue this fine tradition of false prophecy as though it were a mantle of Elijah to be aspired to and defended. These and others will be examined right up to the present day.

 

Finally, we will detail what is to happen with the Church and its role in prophecy and the Mysteries of God.

 

What is most bizarre is the fact that the followers of these false prophets seem not to care one jot that they continue in this error and blasphemy.

 

We all make mistakes but modesty and integrity would demand an acknowledgment. Even the stewards of the Mysteries of God can misunderstand the sequence of prophecy if they have no command of God. If one wishes to be dogmatic, one has an obligation to be correct. 

 

Background to the division of the Churches

The Thyatiran era ended with the Reformation and the effective persecution of the Sabbatarian movements in Europe by the newly emerging Protestants. The identification of these groups and persecutions are contained in the papers General Distribution of the Sabbath-keeping Churches (No. 122) and also The Role of the Fourth Commandment in the Historical Sabbath-keeping Churches of God (No. 170).

 

The Reformation was not designed to destroy the false Sunday-worshipping and Trinitarian churches in Europe. It was designed to protect the false doctrines of the Sun cults that were in danger of being destroyed by the immorality and excesses of the perversion of the Roman Catholic system. The conditions that prevailed then are more or less being repeated now, as we all see by the endless litigation against the churches for their aberrant behaviour. The Protestant churches did not correct anything of importance at the Reformation. They simply gave a more respectable face to an ancient and pagan system that was at odds with Bible Christianity. The printing press had seen the emergence of a cheap readily available Bible that exposed the false system for what it was. The Bible literacy could not be stopped. That was tried and had failed. It could only be slowed. It had to be misdirected for their very survival. Unless the false system gave the appearance of reform, it was doomed. So it had what came to be called the Protestant Reformation. The Protestants were so called from the words Pro teste meaning for the truth of the Testament of God. The Roman Catholics turned it to mean Protesting from Roman Catholic doctrine. The Protestants did not go back beyond the fourth century in their search for truth. As a result, they upheld the errors from Augustine of Hippo and the early Trinitarian structure. They in fact persecuted the Churches of God even more severely, if possible, than the Roman Catholics before them.

 

Many Protestant denominations arose due to the aspirations of carnal men. Based on the structure of secret societies, such as Scottish Rite Freemasonry, churches such as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Days Saints were formed. They were called Mormons because of their cult of the dead. Mormo was the ancient god of the dead among the pagans. Their leaders also engaged in false prophecy and were seemingly killed by Masons due to the exposure and use of the Masonic rites and system for benefit as a competing religious system. These people also remained Unitarian but their understanding was corrupt. It is only now being corrected due in large part to the CCG exposition of the doctrines of the Nature of God.

 

Trinitarian agents placed many of the errors that found their way into the Churches of God. Many entered by the uninspired actions of avaricious and aberrant people who sought to use the Churches of God for their own ends.

 

In the 19th century, in what was the Sardis era, there was a great movement that anticipated the return of the Messiah. It was misdirected in order to discredit the clear Bible message of the return of the Messiah, and to cause a sense of disappointment and induce the conditions that would see people disregard Bible prophecy as aberration. The Church of God movement was influenced by those who came to be known as Adventists, from the concept of the Advent of the Messiah. A number of false doctrines had originated from the Protestant system also, such as the Rapture theory coming out of England in the 18th century (see the paper The Millennium and the Rapture (No. 95)).

 

The demons had induced this phase so that a situation could be achieved as noted in the New Testament where it would be said that: “My Lord has delayed his coming”.

 

These people had been exposed to the Churches of God which were comprised of officers who were the stewards of the Mysteries of God. The fact of the matter is that the Sardis system was dead, and is dead, and has not and never has had a full understanding of Bible prophecy. That situation was brought about because they never adhered to the full truth and the doctrines of the Bible as taught under the Laws of God. They never fully adopted the Calendar of the Bible as held under the ancient Temple system. The result was that the Adventists did not understand the Jubilee system and the full Calendar. They got only as far as the Sabbath. Even that small step split the movement into a Sunday group as well as the main Sabbath thrust. They were, however, Unitarians and did not compromise on the Nature of God. Into that group, which had adopted the doctrines of William Miller and the Whites, was injected a further serious doctrine of demons, namely that of vegetarianism. The false prophetess, Ellen G. White, then assumed more importance and her false prophecies were introduced repeatedly. These teachings became more and more aimed at the denial of the true nature of the millennial system on Earth under the resurrected saints of the Church. That misdirection was necessary because the Bible prophecies showed that the millennial system would not be vegetarian. People would eat meat on a systematic and sanctioned basis. 

 

These errors have been dealt with in the papers The Pre-Advent Judgment No. 176) and The Millennium and the Rapture (No. 95). 

 

Ellen G. White was to become the most dangerous of the false prophets, or false prophetesses, of the Sabbath-keeping system. There were to be only a couple of others who rivalled her for error and damage to the Churches of God and the prophetic system within the stewardship of the Mysteries of God. One of these was a man named Charles Taze Russell. He had been exposed to the Churches of God in the 19th century, and had seen the potential of the doctrinal system explained to him. He saw that the Sabbath was an inconvenient interference in the recruiting and expansion of the money-making operation that was in fact the potential of the religion business, particularly in the USA. He and a few others formed the (formerly Zion) Watchtower Bible and Tract Society. That corporation owns what became the organisation known as the Jehovah’s Witnesses. They have corrupted Bible prophecy and adapted it to the Sunday-worshipping system, even though they adhere to the doctrines of the Nature of God derived from the Churches of God in the 19th century. They are Unitarians even to this day but their understanding of prophecy is so flawed as to be farcical. 

 

The next development in the Churches of God was made necessary because the Church of God had not been entirely destroyed by these false prophets and their movements. The Churches of God were moving steadily to the proper adoption of the full Temple Calendar under the Unitarian structure. The next crisis that was to be experienced came under Herbert W. Armstrong, who adopted the Jewish Hillel system and corrupted those churches of the Church of God (Seventh Day) that were in fact keeping the true Calendar. The Sabbatarians in Eastern Europe, who had survived the demise of the Waldensians and the Reformation, remained more or less intact until the Nazi Holocaust. They were decimated at that time. God has placed no other burden on them (see Cox, Kohn, The Sabbatarians in Transylvania, CCG Publishing, 1998). 

 

We will commence with the year 1832 and look at the so-called visions of Joseph Smith and his subsequent false predictions. We will see that these people and their organisations never apologise for false prophecy.

 

Joseph Smith

1832

In 1832, Joseph Smith, the founder of the Mormon movement, heard a voice and interpreted it as implying that if he lived to the age of 85, Jesus would return. That year would be the year 1890. Unfortunately, by the year 1890, Smith had been dead for almost a half century.

 

1833

On January 5, 1833, Smith predicted:

 "by the authority of Jesus Christ that not many years shall pass away before ... pestilence [epidemic disease], hail, famine and earthquake will sweep the wicked of this generation from off the face of the land [the US], to open and prepare the way for the return of the lost tribes of Israel from the north country." (Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith, pp. 17-18)

 

1835

Re Joseph Smith:

“President Smith then stated that the meeting had been called, because God had commanded it; and it was made known to him by vision and by the Holy Spirit. . . . it was the will of God that they should be ordained to the ministry and go forth to prune the vineyard for the last time, for the coming of the Lord, which was nigh — even fifty six years should wind up the scene.” (History of the Church, vol. 2, page 182)(Mormons)

 

1838

On April 17, Joseph Smith said:

“Verily, thus saith the Lord: It is wisdom in my servant David W. Patten, that he settle up all his business as soon as he possibly can, and make a disposition of his merchandise, that he may perform a mission unto me next spring, in company with others, even twelve including himself, to testify of my name and bear glad tidings unto the world. (Doctrine & Covenants 114:1) Mormons (note that David W. Patten died in October of 1838 and thus never went on a mission the following spring.)

 

This statement: “Truly, thus saith the Lord” qualifies Smith as a deliberate false prophet under the Bible laws and identifications. He continued in this vein, as we will see.

 

We now find William Miller’s false prophecies coming into exposure along with those of Joseph Smith.

 

1843

William Miller, founder of the Millerite movement, predicted that Jesus would come on this date of 21 March, 1843.

 

On 18 May 1843, Joseph Smith declared:

"I prophesy in the name of the Lord God of Israel, unless the United States redress the wrongs committed upon the Saints in the state of Missouri and punish the crimes committed by her officers that in a few years the government will be utterly overthrown and wasted, and there will not be so much as a potsherd [a broken piece of pottery] left..." (ibid., p. 302; emphases added)(Mormons).

 

Ellen G. White

1850

Ellen G. White made a prediction on 27 June 1850 that only a few months remained before the end. She wrote:

"My accompanying angel said, 'Time is almost finished. Get ready, get ready, get ready.' ...now time is almost finished...and what we have been years learning, they will have to learn in a few months."

 

1856 or later: At Ellen White's last prediction, she said that she was shown in a vision the fate of believers who attended the 1856 SDA conference. She wrote

"I was shown the company present at the Conference. Said the angel: 'Some food for worms, some subjects of the seven last plagues, some will be alive and remain upon the earth to be translated at the coming of Jesus.’"

 

Thus she prophesied that some of the attendees would die of normal diseases; some would die from plagues at the Last Days; and others would still be alive when Jesus came.

"By the early 1900s all those who attended the conference had passed away, leaving the Church with the dilemma of trying to figure out how to explain away such a prominent prophetic failure."

 

Their false prophecy was aimed at consolidating aberrant and anti-Bible doctrines whilst using the people who were genuinely trying to follow God within what they perceived as legitimate groupings of those entitled to confer the baptism of the followers of Jesus Christ. It seems that on this basis they were able to push any strange and aberrant doctrine onto the faithful.

 

We will now turn to the Jehovah’s Witnesses (JWs) to examine their repeated false prophecies.

 

Charles Taze Russell and Jehovah’s Witnesses

Very few organisations have as many false prophecies and still claim the adherence of a gullible audience of unquestioning congregations. The JWs were barely matched by the Adventists and the later emergence of the Radio Church of God and subsequent Worldwide Church of God. The active false prophecy started with a declaration of the Advent of Christ in the form of a bridegroom. The Bible states quite clearly that every eye shall see him but some people seemingly will believe anything.

 

1879

The JWs claimed in this year that:

“Christ came in the character of a Bridegroom… at the beginning of the Gospel harvest” (Watchtower, Oct. 1879, p.4)

 

1880

In 1880 they said:

 "We need not here repeat the evidences that the "seventh trump" began its sounding A.D., 1840, and will continue until the end of the time of trouble, and the end of "The times of the Gentiles," A.D., 1914, and that it is the trouble of this "Great day," which is here symbolically called the voice of the Archangel when he begins the deliverance of fleshly Israel. "At that time shall Michael stand up, the great prince (Archangel) which standeth for the children of thy people and there shall be a time of trouble such as never was since there was a nation." Dan. xii. 1. Nor will we here, again present the conclusive Bible proof that our Lord came for his Bride in 1874, and has an unseen work as Reaper of the first-fruits of this Gospel Age. (Zion's Watchtower, November, 1880, p. 1)

 

The misidentification of the end of the Times of the Gentiles was based on the misunderstanding of the timing of the battle of Carchemish in 605 BCE and its application in the determination of this time. The JWs relocated the battle to 607 BCE in later publications to justify this error and false prophecy. They did not understand that the time was controlled by a Bible prophecy uttered by God through the prophet Ezekiel. That was what is termed the Prophecy of Pharaoh’s Broken Arms and controls the dates from 605 BCE to 1916, and not 1914 as they stated. The prophecy continued for another eighty years in two arms of forty years. This error was also to emerge in the false prophecies of Herbert W. Armstrong concerning the rise of Egypt and the Suez Crisis from 1953-1956  (see the paper The Fall of Egypt (No. 36): The Prophecy of Pharaoh’s Broken Arms.

 

1886

In 1886 the JWs were engrossed with this error and were not to be daunted. Between 1886 and 1914 it formed the basis of their recruiting and was to continue as a tool for many decades to come after that failure.

 "The outlook at the opening of the New Year has some very encouraging features. The outward evidences are that the marshalling of the hosts for the battle of the great day of God Almighty, is in progress while the skirmishing is commencing. … The time is come for Messiah to take the dominion of earth and to overthrow the oppressors and corrupters of the earth, (Rev. 19:15 and 11:17, 18) preparatory to the establishment of everlasting peace upon the only firm foundation of righteousness and truth." (Zion's Watchtower, January 1886; Watchtower Reprints I, p. 817)

 

1887

 'The End Of This World; that is the end of the gospel and the beginning of the millennial age is nearer than most men suppose; indeed we have already entered the transition period, which is to be a time of trouble, such as never was since there was a nation Dan. 12:3." (N.H. Barbour and C.T. Russell, Three Worlds, and the Harvest of This World, p. 17)

 

1888

 "In this chapter we present the Bible evidence proving that the full end of the times of the gentiles, i.e., the full end of their lease of dominion, will be reached in A.D. 1914; and that the date will be the farthest limit of the rule of imperfect men. And be it observed, that if this is shown to be a fact firmly established by the Scriptures, it will prove; Firstly, that at that date the Kingdom of God, for which our Lord taught us to pray, saying, Thy Kingdom come, will obtain full, universal control, and that it will then be set up, or firmly established, in the earth, on the ruins of present institutions." ((Studies in the Scriptures, vol. 2), “The Time Is At Hand,” 1888, p. 76, 77)

 

1889

 "Be not surprised, then, when in subsequent chapters we present proofs that the setting up of the Kingdom of God is already begun, that it is pointed out in prophecy as due to begin the exercise of power in A.D. 1878, and that the 'battle of the great day of God Almighty (Rev. 16:14) which will end in A.D. 1914 with the complete overthrow of earth's present rulership, is already commenced. The gathering of the armies is plainly visible from the standpoint of God's word." (Studies in the Scriptures, vol. 2, “The Time Is At Hand,” 1889 Ed., p. 101. The 1915 edition of these texts changed "A.D. 1914" to read “A.D. 1915”)

 

The JWs were to ignore the sound work of Bishop Ussher and the reconstruction of the Bible Chronology as put forward in the first editions of the KJV, which placed the creation of Adam in 4004 BCE, and instead they placed a date that ended in 1873. The basis of this false claim is not advanced. They were to say:

 "Here we furnish the evidence that from the creation of Adam to (but not including) A.D. 1873 was six thousand years. And though the Bible contains no direct statement that the seventh thousand will be the epoch of Christ's reign, the great Sabbath Day of restitution to the world, yet the venerable tradition is not without a reasonable foundation." (C. T. Russell, Studies in the Scriptures, Vol. 2, p. 39. 1889)

 

The calculation of the Calendar of God is not all that difficult. All the clues remain in the Bible. The entire system is based on the Jubilee of fifty years. That sequence is simply reconstructed from a number of references. CCG has done this restoration and the detail is outlined in the work Reading the Law with Ezra and Nehemiah (No. 250). The timing of the six thousand years of Satan’s rule of this Earth must commence from the cursed Earth and that could not have occurred any earlier than the first year of the first Jubilee after the judgment of Adam, which could not have taken place until he was thirty years of age (i.e. in the year 3974/3 for the Jubilee year and the year 3973/2 for the commencement of the rule of Satan). The six thousand years could not therefore have ended before the 120th Jubilee in 2027. These simple Bible facts would have made the predictions of Russell and the other false prophets impossible. The real problem was that they had dispensed with the Laws of God and did not understand them. Because they were antinomians and had abandoned the Commandments of God, and especially the Fourth Commandment concerning the Sabbath, they incorrectly assumed God did not keep to His own Laws and Calendar. Their errors thus stemmed from this unconverted approach. In greater or lesser degree, this was to occur with the others down to the Armstrong system and on to the present day. Based on the Bible chronology, the Millennium cannot commence at the earliest date until 2028. Christ may well come earlier than that date, but the Jubilee will still be in 2027 and all preparation would have to be done by that date. The sequence is dealt with in the paper Outline Timetable of the Age (No. 272).

 

"If, then, the seventh thousand-year period of earth's history be an epoch specially noted as the period of Christ's reign, we shall by showing that it began in 1873, be proving that we are already in it." (Studies in the Scriptures, vol. 2, p. 40. 1889)

Thus it became JW doctrine that the Millennium had already occurred in 1873. Yet they were later to claim that Christ did not come until 1914. This is a complete perversion of the chronology and prophecy of the Book of Revelation. Yet, seemingly none of their gullible followers so much as batted an eyelid. They appear to have swallowed camels and baulked at gnats regularly. Russell went on unabashed.

 

"In the coming 26 years, all present governments will be overthrown and dissolved." (Studies in the Scriptures, vol. 2, p. 98-99, 1889)

 

"In this chapter we present the Bible evidence which indicates that six thousand years from the creation of Adam were complete with A.D. 1872; and hence that, since A.D. 1872 are chronologically entered upon the seventh thousand or the Millennium." (Studies in the Scriptures, vol. 2, p. 33, 1889)

 

"Remember that the forty years' Jewish Harvest ended October A.D. 69, and was followed by the complete overthrow of that nation; and that likewise the forty years of the Gospel age harvest will end October, 1914, and that likewise the overthrow of 'Christendom,' so-called, must be expected to immediately follow." (Studies in the Scriptures, vol. 2, p. 245)

 

1891

Remember Smith of the Mormons had made a prophecy ending before or by 1891. We regress to that prophecy. On 14 Feb 1835, Joseph Smith, the founder of the LDS or Mormon Church, attended a meeting of church leaders. He is reported to have stated that the meeting had been called because God had commanded it. He announced that Jesus would return within 56 years -- i.e. before 15 Feb. 1891 (History of the Church, 2:182)

 

1894

 "Seventeen years ago people said, concerning the time features presented in Millennial Dawn, They seem reasonable in many respects, but surely no such radical changes could occur between now and the close of 1914: if you had proved that they would come about in a century or two, it would seem much more probable. What changes have since occurred, and what velocity is gained daily? 'The old is quickly passing and the new is coming in.' Now, in view of recent labor troubles and threatened anarchy, our readers are writing to know if there may not be a mistake in the 1914 date. They say that they do not see how present conditions can hold out so long under the strain. We see no reason for changing the figures-nor could we change them if we would. They are, we believe, God's dates, not ours. But bear in mind that the end of 1914 is not the date for the beginning, but for the end of the time of trouble." (Zion's Watchtower, “Can It Be Delayed until 1914?” C. T. Russell, July 15, 1894; also in Watchtower Reprints, l894, p. 1677)

 

Any student of WWI will understand that 1914 was but the beginning of troubles. It was not until 1916 that the true and full measure of carnage was reached on the Western Front, and the Russians did not reach full flight in the war until 1917. After the October Revolution there the war in the east ended for Russia. These people had no idea of the events before them. There was obviously not a prophet there in the Jehovah’s Witnesses of any power or authority at all. Nor was there to be one subsequently, as we will see. God, and the direction of the Holy Spirit were simply not with Russell, or with these people at all.

 

"A few more years will wind up the present order of things, and then the chastened world will stand face to face with the actual conditions of the established Kingdom of God. And yet the course of the Church is to be finished within the space of time that intervenes." (Watchtower, p. 56, 1894)

 

"We see no reason for changing the figures - nor could we change them if we would. They are, we believe, God's dates, not ours. But bear in mind that the end of 1914 is not the date for the beginning, but for the end of the time of trouble." (Watchtower, July 15, 1894, p. 266; p. 1677 Reprints)

 

1897

 A prophecy was made upon a work concerning the measurement of the length of an interior passageway discovered inside the Pyramids. The measurement had no reference in or to Scripture. Russell was to use this novelty of the time and say:

 "...this measurement is 3416 inches, symbolizing 3416 years.... This calculation shows A.D. 1874 as marking the beginning of the period of trouble...." (Russell, Studies in the Scriptures: “Thy Kingdom Come”, Series III, p. 342, 1897 edition).

 

The 1916 edition was changed to read:

"We find it to be 3457 inches, symbolizing 3457 years.... Thus the Pyramid witnesses that the close of 1914 will be the beginning of the time of trouble...." 

 

They were then in the middle of WWI and the prophecies were so far wrong as to be a farce. There was still another two years of carnage to go as it turned out and then WWII would carry it on. What will be referred to as WWIII is the next major conflict and that was never envisaged by any of their number. We have commenced that series now and the war has not really started. When Christ comes it will be to save those who eagerly await him. If he does not intervene, there will be no flesh left alive. That Bible statement is fairly clear, one would have thought. Neither Russell nor the subsequent leaders understood this prophecy at all. This proclivity for rewriting facts and even science to justify their false prophecies has become endemic among their leaders and following.

 

"Complete destruction of the 'powers that be' of 'this present evil worlds - political, financial, ecclesiastical - about the close of the Time of the Gentiles; October A.D. 1914." (C.T. Russell, Studies in the Scriptures, IV, p. 622, 1897)

 

"Our Lord, the appointed King, is now present, since October 1874, A.D....and the formal inauguration of his kingly office dates from April 1878, A.D." (Russell, ibid., Studies in the Scriptures, vol. 4, p.621, 1897)

 

This type of statement is familiar to the student of Roman Catholicism where the bishop of Rome has assumed the mantle of the Vicar of Christ. Thus, Russell had placed Christ on Earth and seemingly known only to him and his group. As such, he was the spokesman for Christ. The JWs were thus little different from the Roman Catholics they attacked.

 

"The distillery, the brewery, the saloon, the brothel, the pool-room, all time-killing and character-depraving business will be stopped; and their servants will be given something to do that will be beneficial to themselves and others. "Similarly, the building of war-vessels, the manufacture of munitions of war and defense (sic) will cease, and armies will be disbanded. The new Kingdom will have no need of these, but will have abundant power to execute summary justice in the punishment of evildoers... "The banking and brokerage business, and other like employment's, very useful under present conditions, will no longer have a place; for under the new conditions the human race will be required to treat each others as members of one family, and private capital and money to loan and to be needed will be things of the past. Landlords and renting agencies will find new employment also, because the new King will not recognize as valid patents and deeds now on record. "...namely, that with present conveniences, if the whole people were put to work systematically and wisely, not more than three hours labor for each individual would be necessary." (Studies, ibid., vol. IV, pp. 633-635, 1897)

 

1902

 "In view of this strong Bible evidence conce