Commentary on the Koran: Appendix 1: Edits and Additions/Alterations to the Qur'an or Koran (No. QS1)

Introduction

Many Hadithic Imams claim that the Koran or Qur’an was released complete and no additions or alterations were made to it. That is untrue. We will now deal with what those additions were and what their purpose was.

Very Early Beccan Surahs

611CE Commencement of the Mission at Becca.

S96, S74. And then;

SS 68, 73, 89, 90, 91, 92, 95, 97, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 105, 106.

The very first Surah given to the Prophet was S96 and that was only in the first section of verses 1 to 5. The remainder of verses 6 to 19 were given later as we explained in the text and the Summary. The remainder of the text was added to deal with the lying sinful Arabs of the clans based on Becca and their behaviour to make it appear as they were righteous. It is a direct warning to the paganised Arabs who sin and are sent to the Second Resurrection.

Section 2

Early Beccan Surahs

S019, and perhaps S020

The prayer Surah 001 was introduced sometime after the First Series but no one is sure as to the exact time. In the same way the Koran ends with the Surahs 113 and 114 which are prayer Surahs for protection.

SS 34, 35, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 70, 71, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 93, 94, 104, 107, 111, 112, 113, 114.

By and large the first two sections of the Very Early and Early Beccan Surahs were released in summary form and were not edited or amended very much as far as we are aware.

Section 3

Middle Beccan Surahs

SS 30, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 50, 67, 69,

015, 017 (- vv. 81 and 76-82), 018, 021, 025 (-v 68-70 (AH)), 026 (-224-227 (AH)), 027, 031 (mid or last Beccan period –vv. 27-28 (AH)), 032.

From the Middle Beccan Surahs we begin to see further and more extensive edits as above.

The edits were made and are generally acknowledged as being to S017 verses 81 and 76-82. S25 verses 68-70 being made after the Hijrah (in 622). So also was the case for S026 at verses 224-227 and also S031 with verses 27-28 being also made after the Hijrah.

The texts in Surah 017 are added as follows:

The section follows the warning of the Second Death and seems to develop a theme that differs from the previous texts. The text referring to the recital of the Qur’an at dawn is inserted far after the compilation of the Koran as a text and must be after the capture of Becca at the earliest.

Verse 81 is argued to have come as the first insertion and the texts before and after are much later. The scriptural texts were inserted from the Commentary and may indicate a correlation with the Muhammad as allowing the insertions but that is by no means certain.

17.76. And they indeed wished to scare thee from the land that they might drive thee forth from thence, and then they would have stayed (there) but a little after thee.

17.77. (Such was Our) method in the case of those whom We sent before thee (to mankind), and thou wilt not find for Our method aught of power to change.

When people cannot persuade one that is called away from the true path, they do not want to associate with them. If they could they would want to expel them from the territory over which they have control or they may kill the saints as they did with the prophets before them.

1Kings 19:10 He said, "I have been very jealous for the LORD, the God of hosts. For the people of Israel have forsaken your covenant, thrown down your altars, and killed your prophets with the sword, and I, even I only, am left, and they seek my life, to take it away."

Matthew 23:37 O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, the city that kills the prophets and stones those who are sent to it! How often would I have gathered your children together as a hen gathers her brood under her wings, and you were not willing!

1Thessalonians 2:15 Who both killed the Lord Jesus, and their own prophets, and have persecuted us; and they please not God, and are contrary to all men: (KJV)

Psalm 135:6 Whatever the LORD pleases, he does, in heaven and on earth, in the seas and all deeps.

Job 42:1-2 Then Job answered the LORD and said: ²"I know that you can do all things, and that no purpose of yours can be thwarted.

17.78. Establish worship at the going down of the sun until the dark of night, and (the recital of) the Qur'an at dawn. Lo! (the recital of) the Qur'an at dawn is ever witnessed.

17.79. And some part of the night awake for it, a largess for thee. It may be that thy Lord will raise thee to a praised estate.

In this text we see the Mursal rewarded by being raised to a Muhammadan state. Thus the Introduction Q001 deals with this aspect of the name.

Daniel 6:10 When Daniel knew that the document had been signed, he went to his house where he had windows in his upper chamber open toward Jerusalem. He got down on his knees three times a day and prayed and gave thanks before his God, as he had done previously.

Psalm 55:17 Morning, noon, and night, I mulled over these things and cried out in my distress, and he heard my voice. (ISV)

Psalm 119:164 I praise you seven times a day because of your righteous ordinances. (ISV)

Galatians 6:9 And let us not grow weary of doing good, for in due season we will reap, if we do not give up.

2Peter 1:10 Therefore, brothers, be all the more diligent to confirm your calling and election, for if you practice these qualities you will never fall.

17.80. And say: My Lord! Cause me to come in with a firm incoming and to go out with a firm outgoing. And give me from Thy presence a sustaining Power.

Psalm 37:30-31 The mouth of the righteous utters wisdom, and his tongue speaks justice. ³¹The law of his God is in his heart; his steps do not slip.

Psalm 121:8 The LORD will keep your going out and your coming in from this time forth and forevermore.

Isaiah 40:31 But they that wait upon the LORD shall renew their strength; they shall mount up with wings as eagles; they shall run, and not be weary; and they shall walk, and not faint. (KJV)

Psalm 28:7 The LORD is my strength and my shield; in him my heart trusts, and I am helped; my heart exults, and with my song I give thanks to him.

17.81. And say: Truth hath come and falsehood hath vanished away. Lo! falsehood is ever bound to vanish.

Proverbs 12:19 Truthful lips endure forever, but a lying tongue is but for a moment.

John 8:32 And you will know the truth, and the truth will set you free.

17.82. And We reveal of the Qur'an that which is a healing and a mercy for believers though it increase the evil-doers in naught save ruin.

It seems that the purpose of the Inserts is to establish the Qur’an as a fact of recitation but it seems as though it is to minimise the opposition to the faith.

Surah 25:68-70:

25.68. And those who cry not unto any other god along with Allah, nor take the life which Allah hath forbidden save in (course of) justice, nor commit adultery - and whoso doeth this shall pay the penalty;

25.69. The doom will be doubled for him on the Day of Resurrection, and he will abide therein disdained for ever;

Those who live their lives striving to be in compliance with the commandments and statutes of God the Most High attain the First Garden of Paradise, the First Resurrection, and the others who do as they please and reject the revelations of God will face corrective judgement during the Second Resurrection.

Exodus 20:3 You shall have no other gods before me.

2Kings 17:35 The LORD made a covenant with them and commanded them, "You shall not fear other gods or bow yourselves to them or serve them or sacrifice to them,

Romans 13:9 For the commandments, "You shall not commit adultery, You shall not murder, You shall not steal, You shall not covet," and any other commandment, are summed up in this word: "You shall love your neighbor as yourself."

See Revelation 20:6 at ayat 25.10 and Revelation 21:8 at ayat 25.34 above.

25.70. Save him who repenteth and believeth and doth righteous work; as for such, Allah will change their evil deeds to good deeds. Allah is ever Forgiving, Merciful.

The texts here are not in accord with the understanding of the conduct of the Resurrections and are probable later Hadithic additions.

Surah 026:224-227:

The Commentary takes this addition as follows:

“After the Hijrah to Al-Madinah in 622 it became obvious that the Meccan [Beccan – Ed.] idolaters would do anything to frustrate the plan of God and deny the Scriptures so these later texts were added so that the idolaters both at Mecca [Becca – Ed.] and Al-Madinah would be reminded of their false teachings and idolatrous eloquence.

26.224. As for poets, the erring follow them.

1Peter 5:8 Be sober-minded; be watchful. Your adversary the devil prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour.

Ephesians 2:1-2 And you were dead in the trespasses and sins ²in which you once walked, following the course of this world, following the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that is now at work in the sons of disobedience.

2Corinthians 4:4 In their case the god of this world has blinded the minds of the unbelievers, to keep them from seeing the light of the gospel of the glory of Christ, who is the image of God.

John 8:44 You are of your father the devil, and your will is to do your father’s desires. He was a murderer from the beginning, and does not stand in the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he lies, he speaks out of his own character, for he is a liar and the father of lies.

1John 3:8 Whoever makes a practice of sinning is of the devil, for the devil has been sinning from the beginning. The reason the Son of God appeared was to destroy the works of the devil.

26.225. Hast thou not seen how they stray in every valley,

26.226. And how they say that which they do not?

Isaiah 53:6 All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned—every one—to his own way; and the LORD has laid on him the iniquity of us all.

Daniel 9:5 we have sinned and done wrong and acted wickedly and rebelled, turning aside from your commandments and rules.

Psalm 53:2-3 God looks down from heaven on the children of man to see if there are any who understand, who seek after God. ³They have all fallen away; together they have become corrupt; there is none who does good, not even one.

Romans 6:23 For the wages of sin is death, but the free gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.

Matthew 23:3 so do and observe whatever they tell you, but not the works they do. For they preach, but do not practice.

26.227. Save those who believe and do good works, and remember Allah much, and vindicate themselves after they have been wronged. Those who do wrong will come to know by what a (great) reverse they will be overturned!

Proverbs 10:16 The wage of the righteous leads to life, the gain of the wicked to sin.

Proverbs 11:19 Whoever is steadfast in righteousness will live, but he who pursues evil will die.

Malachi 3:16 Then those who feared the LORD spoke with one another. The LORD paid attention and heard them, and a book of remembrance was written before him of those who feared the LORD and esteemed his name.

Deuteronomy 29:29 The secret things belong to the LORD our God, but the things revealed belong to us and to our children forever, that we may follow all the words of this law.

2Timothy 3:16 All Scripture is breathed out by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness,

Romans 15:4 For whatever was written in former days was written for our instruction, that through endurance and through the encouragement of the Scriptures we might have hope.

Romans 8:28-30 And we know that for those who love God all things work together for good, for those who are called according to his purpose. ²⁹For those whom he foreknew he also predestined to be conformed to the image of his Son, in order that he might be the firstborn among many brothers. ³⁰And those whom he predestined he also called, and those whom he called he also justified, and those whom he justified he also glorified.

The reference to the valleys refers to the various locations in Arabia where all were idolatrous except the very few of the faith who survived among them.

They killed Ali and Hussein and Islam plunged again into Darkness under their Imams and Sheiks as has the faith in the West under the Binitarian and Trinitarian Sunday worshippers of Baal and Easter.

The whole world awaits the Messiah and the Wrath of God (see the paper Wars of the Last Days and the Vials of the Wrath of God (No. 141B)).”

The poets are the liars of the Beccans and Arabs generally who fight against the faith. Thus this addition may be a genuine addition to the text from Al-Madinah.

Surah 31 Luqman verses 27 and 28:

31.27. And if all the trees in the earth were pens, and the sea, with seven more seas to help it, (were ink), the words of Allah could not be exhausted. Lo! Allah is Mighty, Wise.

Isaiah 55:8-9 For my thoughts are not your thoughts, neither are your ways my ways, declares the LORD. ⁹For as the heavens are higher than the earth, so are my ways higher than your ways and my thoughts than your thoughts.

Psalm 40:5 LORD, my God, You have done great things: marvelous works and your thoughts toward us. There is no one who compares to you! I will try to recite your actions, even though there are too many to number. (ISV)

Psalm 71:15 My mouth will tell of your righteous acts, of your deeds of salvation all the day, for their number is past my knowledge.

Ecclesiastes 12:12 My son, beware of anything beyond these. Of making many books there is no end, and much study is a weariness of the flesh.

1Timothy 1:17 To the King of the ages, immortal, invisible, the only God, be honor and glory forever and ever. Amen.

Jude 1:25 to the only God, our Savior, through Jesus Christ our Lord, be glory, majesty, dominion, and authority, before all time and now and forever. Amen.

31.28. Your creation and your raising (from the dead) are only as (the creation and the raising of) a single soul. Lo! Allah is Hearer, Knower.

So the creation and raising from the dead is the equivalent of the creation and raising of individuals, and is merely repetition in the acts of God and promised to all mankind as we are told.

1Thessalonians 4:14 For since we believe that Jesus died and rose again, even so, through Jesus, God will bring with him those who have fallen asleep.

Daniel 12:2 And many of those who sleep in the dust of the earth shall awake, some to everlasting life, and some to shame and everlasting contempt.

Hebrews 4:13 And no creature is hidden from his sight, but all are naked and exposed to the eyes of him to whom we must give account.

The additional texts seem to add little to the thrust of the original text and in fact detract from the early message. It is possible that the Prophet did not issue the text.

Section 4

Late Beccan Surahs

SS 64 (Last year, 621or 2 or 1 AH),

72 (re the Jinn and ties back to 70 and 71 etc.).

006, 010 (+3 vv. AH), 011(-v. 114), 012, 013, 014, 016 (-v. 110 + 2AH), 022 (much belongs to the Late Beccan Period but vv. 11-13. 25-30, 39-41 and 58-60 were reportedly from Madinah).

023, 028 (vv. 85 and 52-55 AH), 029).

Surah 010:

The three verses that originated from Al Madinah are not identified by many of the commentators. Pickthall merely states that three verses were added in Medina. Others make no comment or even suggest any came from Al-Madinah.

The reference in verse 4 to the creation in six days has a cross reference acknowledged in SS 22:47, 32:5 and 70:4. Pickthall adds ref. to 209.

S011: 114:

The text has reference to other Scriptures and states:

11.114. Establish worship at the two ends of the day and in some watches of the night. Lo! good deeds annul ill-deeds. This is reminder for the mindful.

Psalm 55:17 Evening, morning and noon I cry out in distress, and he hears my voice.

Titus 3:1-8 Remind them to be submissive to rulers and authorities, to be obedient, to be ready for every good work, ²to speak evil of no one, to avoid quarreling, to be gentle, and to show perfect courtesy toward all people. ³For we ourselves were once foolish, disobedient, led astray, slaves to various passions and pleasures, passing our days in malice and envy, hated by others and hating one another. ⁴But when the goodness and loving kindness of God our Savior appeared, ⁵he saved us, not because of works done by us in righteousness, but according to his own mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewal of the Holy Spirit, ⁶whom he poured out on us richly through Jesus Christ our Savior, ⁷so that being justified by his grace we might become heirs according to the hope of eternal life. ⁸The saying is trustworthy, and I want you to insist on these things, so that those who have believed in God may be careful to devote themselves to good works. These things are excellent and profitable for people. (ESV)

The text has reference to the subject of that following and so appears to further delineate that which follows it. Although it appears to establish a merit-demerit basis to the laws of karma which are not biblical. For it is by God’s grace that we are saved.

Surah 016:

The Surah is ascribed to the last Beccan group but some authorities ascribe verses 1-40 to Becca and the later verses as being from Al-Madinah. The only verse that is of evident Madinan origin is verse 110. Here the Muslims were recorded as having fought.

In the Beccan period the Muslims were constrained from fighting. Many of the Beccan period were forced to flee and take refuge in Abyssinia (cf. Pickthall). There was a strong Sabbatarian church there from the Fourth century under Archbishop Mueses (see the paper General Distribution of the Sabbath-keeping Churches (No. 122)).

Their very survival depended on their taking up arms from the Hijrah in 622 and it became more and more necessary for their survival. However, their dominance emerged from this military change in doctrine and thus the latter section from verse 110 and perhaps many others had to be from 2 AH (623/4 CE) and thus Medinan.

The Surah follows on from Surah 15 Al Hijr as a continuation of the warning to the Arab peoples and all who follow them. The Semites were all warned from the prophets down from Hud and Salih to the A’ad and Thamud and to Lot and Abraham to Sodom and Gomorrah, and then through Moses and the biblical prophets and on to Messiah and the Apostles who warned them all, as we see in the many previous Surahs.

They, and the idolatrous Churches of God, are now to be warned again for the last time in this work. They will then face the wars of the Fifth and Sixth Trumpet and a third of the world wiped out and then they will be dealt with by the Witnesses, Enoch and Elijah, and then by the Messiah himself immediately afterwards (cf. The Witnesses (including the Two Witnesses) (No. 135)).

Surah 022 is very problematic in its origins.

As we saw above in S022 much belongs to the Late Beccan Period but verses 11-13, 25-30, 39-41 and 58-60 were reportedly from Madinah.

More importantly the text in S022:36 is directly contrary to the food laws and appears to have been added many decades after the original text and some say during the Ummayad period. The text is used to justify the eating of camel at Eid al Fitr. In fact it does not say that and the mitigation of the poor and destitute in eating the flanks of camels does not justify their consumption by the wealthy and normal people that are not destitute contrary to S3:93. It appears it may well be a deliberate forgery to mitigate verses 34-35 preceding it.

22.11. And among mankind is he who worshippeth Allah upon a narrow marge so that if good befalleth him he is content therewith, but if a trial befalleth him, he falleth away utterly. He loseth both the world and the Hereafter. That is the sheer loss.

22.12. He calleth, beside Allah, unto that which hurteth him not nor benefiteth him. That is the far error.

22.13. He calleth unto him whose harm is nearer than his benefit; verily an evil patron and verily an evil friend!

Mark 8:36 For what does it profit a man to gain the whole world and forfeit his soul?

Matthew 13:21 yet he has no root in himself, but endures for a while, and when tribulation or persecution arises on account of the word, immediately he falls away.

Jeremiah 10:5 Their idols are like scarecrows in a cucumber field, and they cannot speak; they have to be carried, for they cannot walk. Do not be afraid of them, for they cannot do evil, neither is it in them to do good.

Psalm 135:15-18 The idols of the nations are silver and gold, the work of human hands. ¹⁵They have mouths, but do not speak; they have eyes, but do not see; ¹⁷they have ears, but do not hear, nor is there any breath in their mouths. ¹⁸Those who make them become like them, so do all who trust in them.

2Corinthians 4:4 In their case the god of this world has blinded the minds of the unbelievers, to keep them from seeing the light of the gospel of the glory of Christ, who is the image of God.

See 1Peter 5:8 at ayat 22.4 above.

End Madinan addition:

Then we proceed to deal with the Resurrections and the Gardens of Paradise.

In verses 25ff we revert to Madinan additions.

22.25. Lo! those who disbelieve and bar (men) from the way of Allah and from the Inviolable Place of Worship, which We have appointed for mankind together, the dweller therein and the nomad: whosoever seeketh wrongful partiality therein, him We shall cause to taste a painful doom.

Matthew 23:13 But woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you shut the kingdom of heaven in people's faces. For you neither enter yourselves nor allow those who would enter to go in.

Isaiah 13:11 I will punish the world for its evil, and the wicked for their iniquity; I will put an end to the pomp of the arrogant, and lay low the pompous pride of the ruthless.

2Thessalonians 1:8-9 in flaming fire, inflicting vengeance on those who do not know God and on those who do not obey the gospel of our Lord Jesus. ⁹They will suffer the punishment of eternal destruction, away from the presence of the Lord and from the glory of his might,

22.26. And (remember) when We prepared for Abraham the place of the (holy) House, saying: Ascribe thou no thing as partner unto Me, and purify My House for those who make the round (thereof) and those who stand and those who bow and make prostration.

Exodus 20:3 You shall have no other gods before me.

Exodus 34:14 (for you shall worship no other god, for the LORD, whose name is Jealous, is a jealous God),

2Chronicles 29:5, 15-16 ⁵and said to them, "Hear me, Levites! Now consecrate yourselves, and consecrate the house of the LORD, the God of your fathers, and carry out the filth from the Holy Place.

¹⁵They gathered their brothers and consecrated themselves and went in as the king had commanded, by the words of the LORD, to cleanse the house of the LORD. ¹⁶The priests went into the inner part of the house of the LORD to cleanse it, and they brought out all the uncleanness that they found in the temple of the LORD into the court of the house of the LORD. And the Levites took it and carried it out to the brook Kidron.

Ezekiel 45:18-19 Thus says the Lord GOD: In the first month, on the first day of the month, you shall take a bull from the herd without blemish, and purify the sanctuary. ¹⁹The priest shall take some of the blood of the sin offering and put it on the doorposts of the temple, the four corners of the ledge of the altar, and the posts of the gate of the inner court.

[It is possible that the reference to “make the round’ at verse 26 is a later addition as are verses 26 and 36 below.]

22.27. And proclaim

unto mankind the pilgrimage. They will come unto thee on foot and on every lean camel; they will come from every deep ravine,

22.28. That they may witness things that are of benefit to them, and mention the name of Allah on appointed days over the beast of cattle that He hath bestowed upon them. Then eat thereof and feed therewith the poor unfortunate.

22.29. Then let them make an end of their unkemptness and pay their vows and go around the ancient House.

22.30. That (is the command). And whoso magnifieth the sacred things of Allah, it will be well for him in the sight of his Lord. The cattle are lawful unto you save that which hath been told you. So shun the filth of idols, and shun lying speech.

Thus lying and Taqiyya are forbidden to the faith.

These are the festivals of the Lord God Eloah.

What is more important is that it appears that the verses 25-30 (especially in verses 26 and 29) were inserted to justify the use of the Ka’aba when the text is clear that it is not justified.

Exodus 23:14-17 "Three times in the year you shall keep a feast to me. ¹⁵You shall keep the Feast of Unleavened Bread. As I commanded you, you shall eat unleavened bread for seven days at the appointed time in the month of Abib, for in it you came out of Egypt. None shall appear before me empty-handed. ¹⁶You shall keep the Feast of Harvest, of the firstfruits of your labor, of what you sow in the field. You shall keep the Feast of Ingathering at the end of the year, when you gather in from the field the fruit of your labor. ¹⁷Three times in the year shall all your males appear before the Lord GOD.

Deuteronomy 16:13-17 You shall keep the Feast of Booths seven days, when you have gathered in the produce from your threshing floor and your winepress. ¹⁴You shall rejoice in your feast, you and your son and your daughter, your male servant and your female servant, the Levite, the sojourner, the fatherless, and the widow who are within your towns. ¹⁵For seven days you shall keep the feast to the LORD your God at the place that the LORD will choose, because the LORD your God will bless you in all your produce and in all the work of your hands, so that you will be altogether joyful. ¹⁶"Three times a year all your males shall appear before the LORD your God at the place that he will choose: at the Feast of Unleavened Bread, at the Feast of Weeks, and at the Feast of Booths. They shall not appear before the LORD empty-handed. ¹⁷Every man shall give as he is able, according to the blessing of the LORD your God that he has given you.

Deuteronomy 14:23-27 And before the LORD your God, in the place that he will choose, to make his name dwell there, you shall eat the tithe of your grain, of your wine, and of your oil, and the firstborn of your herd and flock, that you may learn to fear the LORD your God always. ²⁴And if the way is too long for you, so that you are not able to carry the tithe, when the LORD your God blesses you, because the place is too far from you, which the LORD your God chooses, to set his name there, ²⁵then you shall turn it into money and bind up the money in your hand and go to the place that the LORD your God chooses ²⁶and spend the money for whatever you desire—oxen or sheep or wine or strong drink, whatever your appetite craves. And you shall eat there before the LORD your God and rejoice, you and your household. ²⁷And you shall not neglect the Levite who is within your towns, for he has no portion or inheritance with you.

The Bible Feasts are tied to the harvests and cannot be cut loose to rotate throughout the year as with the current Hadithic Calendar (see the paper Hebrew and Islamic Calendar Reconciled (No. 053)).

Read Leviticus 23 for the feast days of God. Reference is made here to food lawful unto you at Deuteronomy 14 and Leviticus 11.

The result of not complying for anyone is to be consigned to the Second Resurrection.

Matthew 5:19 Therefore whoever relaxes one of the least of these commandments and teaches others to do the same will be called least in the kingdom of heaven, but whoever does them and teaches them will be called great in the kingdom of heaven.

In 1965 Herbert Armstrong cut the Feast of the Passover from its full period to the Holy Days according to Hillel. The result was the Second Resurrection.

1Corinthians 10:14 Therefore, my beloved, flee from idolatry.

Proverbs 19:9 A false witness will not go unpunished, and he who utters lies will perish. (RSV)

22.31. Turning unto Allah (only), not ascribing partners unto Him; for whoso ascribeth partners unto Allah, it is as if he had fallen from the sky and the birds had snatched him or the wind had blown him to a far-off place.

Joel 2:13 and rend your hearts and not your garments." Return to the LORD your God, for he is gracious and merciful, slow to anger, and abounding in steadfast love; and he relents over disaster.

Malachi 3:7 From the days of your fathers you have turned aside from my statutes and have not kept them. Return to me, and I will return to you, says the LORD of hosts. But you say, 'How shall we return?'

Romans 3:12 All have turned aside; together they have become worthless; no one does good, not even one.

Jeremiah 2:11 Has a nation changed its gods, even though they are no gods? But my people have changed their glory for that which does not profit.

Proverbs 2:22 but the wicked will be cut off from the land, and the treacherous will be rooted out of it.

22.32. That (is the command). And whoso magnifieth the offerings consecrated to Allah, it surely is from devotion of the hearts,

22.33. Therein are benefits for you for an appointed term; and afterward they are brought for sacrifice unto the ancient House.

The “ancient house” is the Temple of God which is to be restored and, until that return of the Messiah, the Temple of God is the Body of the Messiah who are the elect of the Saints, which Temple we are (1Cor. 3:17).

Psalm 19:8-9 The precepts of the LORD are right, rejoicing the heart; the commandment of the LORD is pure, enlightening the eyes; ⁹the fear of the LORD is clean, enduring forever; the rules of the LORD are true, and righteous altogether.

Psalm 119:138 You have ordered your decrees to us rightly, and they are very faithful. (ISV)

Psalm 119:142 Your righteousness is an eternal righteousness, and your instruction is true. (ISV)

Psalm 119:2 How blessed are those who observe his decrees, who seek him with all of their heart,

Jeremiah 11:4 Which I commanded your fathers in the day that I brought them forth out of the land of Egypt, from the iron furnace, saying, Obey my voice, and do them, according to all which I command you: so shall ye be my people, and I will be your God: (KJV)

These additions are much later and made to make it appears that the practice of sacrifice at the Ka’aba at Becca and the sacrifice of camels in particular are justified in mitigation of the two text as S22:34 and 35 below by the insertion of S22:36 below that.

22.34. And for every nation have We appointed a ritual, that they may mention the name of Allah over the beast of cattle that He hath given them for food; and your God is One God, therefore surrender unto Him. And give good tidings (O Muhammad) to the humble,

22.35. Whose hearts fear when Allah is mentioned, and the patient of whatever may befall them, and those who establish worship and who spend of that We have bestowed on them.

These are the tithes of God mentioned as the sign of the Repentance and the Return to God (Mal. 3:6-12; cf. also Tithing (No. 161)).

1Timothy 4:4-5 For everything created by God is good, and nothing is to be rejected if it is received with thanksgiving, ⁵for it is made holy by the word of God and prayer.

Exodus 23:25 You shall serve the LORD your God, and he will bless your bread and your water, and I will take sickness away from among you.

Reference is made again to food lawful unto you – at Deuteronomy 14 and Leviticus 11 (cf. The Food Laws (No. 015)).

Deuteronomy 6:4 Hear, O Israel: The LORD our

God, the LORD is one.

James 4:7 Submit yourselves therefore to God. Resist the devil, and he will flee from you.

Ephesians 6:6 not by the way of eye-service, as people-pleasers, but as bondservants of Christ, doing the will of God from the heart,

Romans 8:4-7 in order that the righteous requirement of the law might be fulfilled in us, who walk not according to the flesh but according to the Spirit. ⁵For those who live according to the flesh set their minds on the things of the flesh, but those who live according to the Spirit set their minds on the things of the Spirit. ⁶For to set the mind on the flesh is death, but to set the mind on the Spirit is life and peace. ⁷For the mind that is set on the flesh is hostile to God, for it does not submit to God's law; indeed, it cannot.

Proverbs 11:25 Whoever brings blessing will be enriched, and one who waters will himself be watered.

Acts 20:35 In all things I have shown you that by working hard in this way we must help the weak and remember the words of the Lord Jesus, how he himself said, ‘It is more blessed to give than to receive.

22.36. And the camels! We have appointed them among the ceremonies of Allah. Therein ye have much good. So mention the name of Allah over them when they are drawn up in lines. Then when their flanks fall (dead), eat thereof and feed the beggar and the suppliant. Thus have We made them subject unto you, that haply ye may give thanks.

22.37. Their flesh and their food reach not Allah, but the devotion from you reacheth Him. Thus have We made them subject unto you that ye may magnify Allah that He hath guided you. And give good tidings (O Muhammad) to the good.

22.38. Lo! Allah defendeth those who are true. Lo! Allah loveth not each treacherous ingrate.

Here we see what purports to be an allowance being made in favour of the desert Arabs whereby the flanks of the camel can be eaten; provided they are the flanks and cut in strips (see also the Food Laws (No. 015) above). This is the only addition to the food laws known to have been made to the texts of Leviticus chapter 11 and Deuteronomy chapter 14 and only to the desert tribes and specifically to the poor. Camels, as with the other beasts, have been made subject to man so we too can learn to surrender ourselves to God and give Him thanks.

There seems little doubt that S22:36 has a serious problem in that it refers to the sacrifice of camels and their provision to the poor from their sacrifice and the consumption of their flanks (allegedly in strips) by the poor. The Hadithic Muslims use this to justify the sacrifice of camels at Eid. This is contrary to Scripture and elsewhere in the Koran at S3:93. Moreover, God is not a respecter of persons and the Law requires the provision of cattle and clean animals by the rulers of the people for all the people at the Sabbath, New Moons and Feasts (cf. also Ezekiel ch. 45). One must consider that this text was a latter addition very much after the Madinan period and perhaps well after the death of the Prophet to justify their slaughter of unclean camels. Some critics of the text think it came from the later Ummayad period.

It refers to dire necessity for the poor and destitute and thus no person who is not destitute can eat them in any case no matter how they construe the text.

Psalm 51:17 The sacrifices of God are a broken spirit; a broken and contrite heart, O God, you will not despise.

1Samuel 15:22 And Samuel said, "Has the LORD as great delight in burnt offerings and sacrifices, as in obeying the voice of the LORD? Behold, to obey is better than sacrifice, and to listen than the fat of rams.

1Samuel 2:9 He will guard the feet of his faithful ones, but the wicked shall be cut off in darkness, for not by might shall a man prevail.

Psalm 97:10 O you who love the LORD, hate evil! He preserves the lives of his saints; he delivers them from the hand of the wicked.

This next text from 39-41 is of a clear Al-Madinah derivation and concerns the Hijrah and the taking up of arms which was well past 622 and after the Battle of Badr.

22.39. Sanction is given unto those who fight because they have been wronged; and Allah is indeed able to give them victory;

22.40. Those who have been driven from their homes unjustly only because they said: Our Lord is Allah - For had it not been for Allah's repelling some men by means of others, cloisters and churches and oratories and mosques, wherein the name of Allah is oft mentioned, would assuredly have been pulled down. Verily Allah helpeth one who helpeth Him. Lo! Allah is Strong, Almighty. 22.41. Those who, if We give them power in the land, establish worship and pay the poor-due and enjoin kindness and forbid iniquity. And Allah's is the sequel of events.

Here Allah’ is identified as establishing places of worship as churches or synagogues for the Churches of God and is the same God Eloah as that of the Scriptures (cf. also The Name of God in Islam (No. 054)). Proverbs 30:4 asks who it was that created the worlds. He asks what is His name and what is His son’s name declare it if you have understanding. Proverbs 30:5 states the name in the next verse “Every word of Eloah is pure.” This word is singular and admits of no plurality whatsoever. The Chaldean was Elahh. The Arabic is Allah’.

Permission to fight back was given to those who had been oppressed wrongly and driven away from their homes for the simple reason that they said that the Almighty was the God. Allah gave them the victory against the unbelievers. Certainly the Almighty God helps those who serve Him for they establish right worship, do good works, and flee from lawlessness. Allah determines the just resolution of all disputes.

Job 9:4 "Wise in heart and mighty in strength, Who has defied Him without harm? (NASB)

Psalm 4:3 But know that the LORD has set apart the godly for himself; the LORD hears when I call to him.

Psalm 31:23 Love the LORD, all you his saints! The LORD preserves the faithful but abundantly repays the one who acts in pride.

Proverbs 19:21 Many are the plans in the mind of a man, but it is the purpose of the LORD that will stand.

Psalm 33:11 The counsel of the LORD stands forever, the plans of his heart to all generations.

We now see the sequence of the prophets declared again and the fact that the sons of Shem denied the prophets all the way to the Sixth century and onwards to the present.

The texts in Surah 022 at verses 58-60 are of clear Madinan origin:

22.58. Those who fled their homes for the cause of Allah and then were slain or died, Allah verily will provide for them a good provision. Lo! Allah, He verily is Best of all who make provision.

22.59. Assuredly He will cause them to enter by an entry that they will love. Lo! Allah verily is Knower, Indulgent.

Matthew 19:29 And everyone who has left houses or brothers or sisters or father or mother or children or lands, for my name's sake, will receive a hundredfold and will inherit eternal life.

Mark 10:29-30 Jesus said, "Truly, I say to you, there is no one who has left house or brothers or sisters or mother or father or children or lands, for my sake and for the gospel, ³⁰who will not receive a hundredfold now in this time, houses and brothers and sisters and mothers and children and lands, with persecutions, and in the age to come eternal life.

Psalm 103:8 The LORD is merciful and gracious, slow to anger and abounding in steadfast love.

See Romans 11:33 at ayat 22.52 above.

22.60. That (is so). And whoso hath retaliated with the like of that which he was made to suffer and then hath (again) been wronged, Allah will succour him. Lo! Allah verily is Mild, Forgiving.

Abdullah Yusufali translates verse 60 as follows:- That (is so). And if one has retaliated to no greater extent than the injury he received, and is again set upon inordinately, Allah will help him: for Allah is One that blots out (sins) and forgives (again and again).

Ordinarily we return good for evil when we suffer unjust insults and injuries. Occasionally our human emotions get the better of us and we respond in kind but not to the same extent. If after our retaliation the other party again attacks us even more aggressively by going beyond all reasonable limits then the Almighty God has to respond and come to our aid in spite of all our faults. This is even more so in a time of war.

Psalm 130:3-4 LORD, if you were to record iniquities, Lord, who could remain standing? ⁴But with you there is forgiveness, so that you may be feared. (ISV)

This text of Surah 022 is very problematic and appears to have been edited again and again. Where it conflicts with biblical law it must be rejected. Where it does not it must be still treated with great caution.

S028 (verses 85 and 52-55 AH):

Surah 28 Al-Qasas is called “the Story” or “the Narration” from verse 25. It was revealed at the last phase of the persecution of the church at Becca and at the time of the flight from Becca to Medina in 622 CE. Some Arabic writers even say that verse 85 was revealed during the flight and verses 52-55 were claimed to be revealed after the Flight at Al-Madinah. These texts are asserted to be edits. Verse 85 appears to be a later Hadithic edit to divert attention from the facts of the direction to Scripture from verses 52-55. Hence, the assertion of a later date to them, which appears spurious given the context.

28.52. Those unto whom We gave the Scripture before it, they believe in it,

28.53. And when it is recited unto them, they say: We believe in it. Lo! it is the Truth from our Lord. Lo! even before it we were of those who surrender (unto Him).

28.54. These will be given their reward twice over, because they are steadfast and repel evil with good, and spend of that wherewith We have provided them,

John 5:24 Truly, truly, I say to you, whoever hears my word and believes him who sent me has eternal life. He does not come into judgment, but has passed from death to life.

Galatians 6:9 And let us not grow weary of doing good, for in due season we will reap, if we do not give up.

Ephesians 1:18 having the eyes of your hearts enlightened, that you may know what is the hope to which he has called you, what are the riches of his glorious inheritance in the saints,

1Peter 1:4-5 to an inheritance that is imperishable, undefiled, and unfading, kept in heaven for you, ⁵who by God's power are being guarded through faith for a salvation ready to be revealed in the last time.

28.55. And when they hear vanity they withdraw from it and say: Unto us our works and unto you your works. Peace be unto you! We desire not the ignorant.

Amos 5:14-15 Seek good, and not evil, that you may live; and so the LORD, the God of hosts, will be with you, as you have said. ¹⁵Hate evil, and love good, and establish justice in the gate; it may be that the LORD, the God of hosts, will be gracious to the remnant of Joseph.

Refer to Ezekiel 18:20 at ayat 17.13 Commentary on the Koran: Surah 17 (No. Q017).

Here we see the direct evidence of the Scriptures and verse 85 appears a direct attempt by the Hadith at refuting this genuine text. Here we have the inserted text edited well after the Hijrah of 622.

28.85. Lo! He Who hath given thee the Qur'an for a law will surely bring thee home again. Say: My Lord is Best Aware of him who bringeth guidance and him who is in error manifest.

It was placed here because of the reference to Scripture in verse 86 as well as those of 52-55 above.

28.86. Thou hadst no hope that the Scripture would be inspired in thee; but it is a mercy from thy Lord, so never be a helper to the disbelievers.

Revealed at Al -Madinah

SS 47 (1-2 AH), 98 (1 AH?), 002 (1-2 AH),

008 (2 AH), 003 (3-4 AH), 62 (2-4 AH),

004 (4 AH), 59 (4 AH), 63 (4 AH), 58 (4-5 AH), 65 (5-6 AH),

024 (5-6 AH),

33 (5-7 AH),

005 (5-10 AH), 48 (6 AH), 61 (6 AH),

60 (8 AH)

57 (8-9 AH)

009 (9 AH)

49 (9 AH)

110 (10 AH)

It is not known with any certainty when SS007 and 66 were given AH.

There is no conjecture that the Surahs at Al Madinah are later than the death of the Prophet or given later. The compilation of the Qur’an did not occur until after the death of the Prophet. The accepted analysis has destroyed the claims of the Hadith that they were all given before the death of the Prophet. It is claimed that the late Surahs were all delivered from Al Madinah. The purpose appears to be from the commentary and the analysis of the texts that they were all given to develop the theology of the church. The later problems we have identified are all edits by Hadithic pagans to justify the camel sacrifices and the use of the Ka’abah as the place of worship which is clearly not the intent of the texts of the Koran.

No comment has been so far attempted at analysing the Al Madinah Surahs to identify the further editing post-death of the Prophet. To avoid further conflict we have preferred to accept the widely accepted comments of the Islamic Scholars that identify the later edits as being genuine additions to the Qur’an to edit the intent of the text. Surah 22 is so blatant that we simply cannot accept the edits as being genuine edits of the Prophet or the Council of the Muhammad running contrary to Scripture and the Laws of God.

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